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GlossaryAutosomal Dominant Inheritance

one mutated gene from either parent can cause a trait

Autosomal Dominant Inheritance is a pattern of genetic transmission where only one copy of a mutated gene from either parent is sufficient to cause a particular trait or disorder. This means that if one parent carries the dominant gene, there is a 50% chance that their child will inherit the condition. This type of inheritance can be seen in conditions like certain forms of alopecia, where the presence of a single altered gene can lead to hair loss.

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A Retrospective Study on the Characteristics of Androgenetic Alopecia Among Asian Races in the National Skin Centre, a Tertiary Dermatological Referral Centre in Singapore

research A Retrospective Study on the Characteristics of Androgenetic Alopecia Among Asian Races in the National Skin Centre, a Tertiary Dermatological Referral Centre in Singapore

2 citations, November 2002 in “PubMed”

Most patients with hair loss sought treatment for cosmetic reasons, were unhappy about their appearance, and had a family history of the condition, suggesting it may be inherited.

research Topical Fluocinolone Acetonide Acetate Ointment in Autosomal Dominant Congenital Hypotrichosis

July 1996

A hair growth ointment improved hair length in a family with a genetic hair growth condition.

research Pattern Baldness: Its Genetics Revisited

November 1983 in “American Biology Teacher”

Pattern baldness is likely caused by a dominant gene influenced by testosterone levels, making it more common in men.

research Clinical and Molecular Genetic Studies in Hereditary Hair Loss

August 2021

Researchers found a genetic link for hereditary hair loss but need more analysis to identify the exact gene.

research Inherited Hairlessness: A Case Study of Familial Congenital Atrichia

April 2023 in “Curēus”

The document concludes that the girl's hairlessness is likely inherited from her parents.

research Buschke-Ollendorff Syndrome: Clinical Features and Genetic Insights

1 citations, April 2016 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome is a rare genetic disorder causing skin and bone changes, with some cases also showing ADHD or developmental delays.

research Monilethrix Treated with the Oral Retinoid Ro 10-9359 (Tigason)

24 citations, July 1983 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology”

Tigason improved hair growth in a boy with monilethrix without side effects.

research Porphyria Cutanea Tarda in a Patient With Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia

5 citations, April 1984 in “Archives of Dermatology”

Porphyria cutanea tarda causes skin issues due to an enzyme deficiency.

research Monilethrix: A Rare Hereditary Condition

12 citations, January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology”

Monilethrix is a rare genetic hair disorder that's hard to treat.

research Monilethrix: Case Report of a Rare Disease

January 2015 in “Nasza Dermatologia Online”

Monilethrix causes fragile, patchy hair loss.

research Birt–Hogg–Dubé Syndrome: A Histopathological Pitfall With Similarities to Tuberous Sclerosis

12 citations, March 2013 in “The American journal of dermatopathology/American journal of dermatopathology”

Birt–Hogg–Dubé Syndrome requires genetic testing for accurate diagnosis due to its similarities with tuberous sclerosis.

research Impairment of Notch 1 Signaling Is a Common Defect in Lesions From Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa

2 citations, September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Notch1 signaling is impaired in hidradenitis suppurativa, affecting skin and hair cells.

research Whole Genome Sequencing Analysis of Alpaca Suggests TRPV3 as a Candidate Gene for the Suri Phenotype

February 2024 in “BMC genomics”

The TRPV3 gene variant may cause the long-haired suri alpaca coat.

research Disorders of Pigmentation in Infants and Children

2 citations, January 2002 in “Clinics in Dermatology”

Vitiligo causes white skin patches, often starts before age 20, and is linked to other health issues.

research Is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome a Sexual Conflict? A Review

21 citations, February 2016 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online”

The conclusion suggests that PCOS may persist due to genetic traits that, while harmful for female fertility, could have provided survival and reproductive benefits to males.

research Mutations in the Desmoglein 4 Gene Are Associated with Monilethrix-Like Congenital Hypotrichosis

74 citations, January 2006 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Mutations in the DSG4 gene can cause a rare hair disorder similar to monilethrix.

research Disorders of Keratinization

November 2014

The chapter explains that there are many genetic skin disorders affecting skin cell formation, including both common and rare types.

research Two Mouse Mutations Mapped to Chromosome 11 with Differing Morphologies but Similar Progressive Inflammatory Alopecia

7 citations, May 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Two mouse mutations cause similar hair loss despite different skin changes.

research Premature Greying of Hair (Premature Canities): A Concern for Parent and Child

2 citations, January 2017 in “Journal of Pigmentary Disorders”

Genetics, stress, and health issues can cause early hair greying, which affects self-esteem, and there's no cure, only hair dye.

research Genetics and Other Factors in the Etiology of Female Pattern Hair Loss

43 citations, April 2017 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Female pattern hair loss has unclear causes, possibly involving genetics, hormones, and environment, and needs better treatments.

Large-Scale Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Suggests Shared Genetic Architecture for Different Diagnosis Criteria

research Large-Scale Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Suggests Shared Genetic Architecture for Different Diagnosis Criteria

308 citations, December 2018 in “PLOS Genetics”

The research found that PCOS has common genetic factors regardless of how it is diagnosed and is linked to metabolic and reproductive issues.

Elevated Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Levels as the Reproductive Phenotype in the Brothers of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

research Elevated Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Levels as the Reproductive Phenotype in the Brothers of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

27 citations, May 2002 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

Brothers of women with PCOS tend to have higher levels of a hormone called DHEAS, indicating a possible genetic link.

research Finasteride-Induced Pseudoporphyria

10 citations, June 2011 in “Archives of Dermatology”

Finasteride caused blisters on hands and feet.

research Clinical Updates in Hair

19 citations, January 1997 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

Most treatments for hair loss in 1997 were not effective for most people, and maintaining hair growth was difficult.

research A New Locus for Hereditary Hypotrichosis Simplex Maps to Chromosome 13q12.12-12.3 in a Chinese Family

7 citations, May 2010 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology”

A new genetic area linked to a rare hair loss condition was found on chromosome 13 in a Chinese family.

WNT10A Mutations Are a Frequent Cause of a Broad Spectrum of Ectodermal Dysplasias with Sex-Biased Manifestation Pattern in Heterozygotes

research WNT10A Mutations Are a Frequent Cause of a Broad Spectrum of Ectodermal Dysplasias with Sex-Biased Manifestation Pattern in Heterozygotes

197 citations, June 2009 in “American journal of human genetics”

WNT10A mutations often cause ectodermal dysplasias, with males showing more tooth issues than females.

research Possible Mechanisms of Miniaturization During Androgenetic Alopecia or Pattern Hair Loss

116 citations, September 2001 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Hair loss occurs due to fewer papillary cells, smaller follicles, and shorter growth phases.

research Variant PADI3 in Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia

95 citations, February 2019 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

Mutations in the PADI3 gene are linked to a higher risk of scarring hair loss in women of African descent.

research Novel Agents for the Treatment of Alopecia

29 citations, December 1998 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery”

New treatments for hair loss show promise, especially finasteride for men and a stronger minoxidil formula.

research Hormonal Profile in Indian Men with Premature Androgenetic Alopecia

25 citations, January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology”

Premature balding in some men may be linked to altered hormones, but it's not the male equivalent to polycystic ovary syndrome or metabolic syndrome.