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This study concluded that higher androgen levels in males and specific skeletal sites may contribute to differences in skeletal morphology, with glucocorticoids, E2, and D3 enhancing androgen receptor expression and mitogenic action in human osteoblastic cells.

This article discusses the structure and protective function of pangolin scales, emphasizing their composition of α-keratins and β-keratins, and highlights evolutionary keratin diversification in tetrapods; it reports no new empirical findings.

This study reports a rare case of polyorchidism in a 96-year-old male cadaver, suggesting a new classification based on anatomical and histological findings to aid in accurate diagnosis.

This chapter reviews various types of alopecia and associated skin diseases in dogs and cats but presents no new clinical findings.

This study found that the unique crest feather formation in Polish chickens is driven by a 195-bp duplication in the HoxC10 gene region, which alters gene expression by modifying the genomic structure, suggesting a mechanism for diverse integumentary appendages in birds.

This study in young Ukrainian men found that specific body measurements, like shoulder width and tibia epiphysis width, are highly predictive of alopecia areata occurrence, though not for its progression, using discriminant models (p<0.001).

This review examines the complex role of the Ectodysplasin-A pathway in skeletal morphogenesis, emphasizing its interaction with other key signaling pathways, and reports no new experimental findings.

This study revealed that manual thyroid examinations in alopecia patients may uncover thyroid abnormalities undetectable by blood tests alone, but further research is needed to assess their clinical importance.

This case study reported on a 30-year-old male with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2, highlighting rare co-occurrence with alopecia universalis and emphasizing the importance of recognizing non-endocrine symptoms for early diagnosis and management of autoimmune endocrinopathies.

This study found that perifollicular mineralization in old toy poodle bitches was associated with high mineralization levels in other tissues.

This report discusses a case of a rare congenital neck mass called a "wattle" or congenital cervical tragus, emphasizing its histological features and its association with other branchial arch anomalies.

This study recommends limiting routine thyroid function screening to children with alopecia areata who have medical histories of Down syndrome, atopy, or family histories of thyroid disease.

This study found that a mutation in the BMP12/GDF7 gene is associated with the Naked neck trait in chickens, reducing neck feathering due to altered signaling pathways.

This study found no increased risk of alopecia in patients with AS, though a significant positive correlation was observed between atopic dermatitis and alopecia.

This study explores ear pinna development in mice and reports that elastic cartilage formation is disrupted in a short ear mutant, correlating with increased adult adipocytes and impaired chondrogenesis.

In this population-based cohort study, no association was found between ankylosing spondylitis and the risk of developing alopecia.

This case report highlights a 21-year-old man with severe nodulocystic acne resistant to conventional treatments, who showed moderate improvement with isotretinoin, and discusses its potential link to congenital digital abnormalities and Apert syndrome.

The researchers reported that scaffoldin, a protein identified in chicken embryos, likely plays a role in forming periderm granules and contributes to the soft cornification of embryonic epidermis.

This systematic review provides a detailed overview of the clinical and dermoscopic features of cutaneous adnexal tumors, highlighting their potential to mimic other skin lesions and assisting in differential diagnosis.

This review discusses the complex role of the EDA pathway in vertebrate skeletal development, emphasizing its interaction with other morphogenic pathways to influence skeletal diversity, but reports no new experimental results.

This article discusses the role of anthropometry in torso aesthetics and plastic surgery, focusing on Carlo Rochet's sculptural work, and reports no new clinical findings.

Integumentary organs adapt and evolve for survival, with potential uses in regenerative medicine.

This chapter reviews scalp and calvarium reconstruction, highlighting regional anatomy, reconstruction techniques, and discusses the current perspectives on hair restoration surgery and allotransplantation, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that young adult Ukrainian men with alopecia areata had significantly different skinfold thickness at several body sites compared to healthy peers, suggesting unique patterns of fat distribution associated with the disease.

This study observed that benign skin tumors were more common than malignant ones, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most frequent type among malignant tumors.

This case report describes a patient with pseudopelade affecting both the scalp and beard area, highlighting the unusual presentation of a rare hair disorder.

Children with alopecia areata should only get thyroid screening if they have Down syndrome, a family history of thyroid disease, atopy, or signs of thyroid problems.