37 citations
,
December 2021 in “Cells” This study found that dysregulation of systemic Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines is associated with alopecia areata, with specific cytokines linked to disease activity and treatment response.
148 citations
,
December 2018 in “Journal of autoimmunity” This review discusses genetic and environmental factors contributing to autoimmunity in alopecia areata and reports no new clinical findings, emphasizing the need for further study on its aetiology and pathophysiology.
176 citations
,
August 2015 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” This study identified a distinct cytokine activation signature in alopecia areata, involving TH2, TH1, IL-23, and IL-9/TH9 pathways, suggesting potential targeting strategies similar to those in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.
16 citations
,
April 2014 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” This report describes a case of universal alopecia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis while using adalimumab and leflunomide, suggesting a potential link between these drugs and alopecia areata.
106 citations
,
January 2013 in “Clinical and Developmental Immunology” This review discusses the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, highlighting the role of immune privilege collapse in hair follicles but reports no clinical results.
61 citations
,
June 2010 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” This study highlights cases of alopecia areata that developed during anti-TNF-α therapy, suggesting a potential link or increased frequency, particularly among individuals with a personal or family history of autoimmune diseases.
41 citations
,
January 2009 in “International Journal of Trichology” This study found that 58% of men aged 30-50 had androgenic alopecia, with disease severity increasing with age and many being candidates for medical treatment or hair transplantation.
143 citations
,
January 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” This review discusses the autoimmune nature of alopecia areata, potential therapeutic targets, and highlights the need for further studies on immunomodulatory treatments and genetic factors, but it reports no new clinical results.