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Glossary 17-hydroxyprogesterone

steroid hormone involved in cortisol and sex hormone production

17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) is a steroid hormone produced in the adrenal glands and gonads as part of the process of synthesizing cortisol and other hormones. Elevated levels of 17-OHP can indicate congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), a genetic disorder affecting hormone production, and it is often measured in newborn screening tests to diagnose this condition early.

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research Puberty in Boys: Correlation of Plasma Levels of Gonadotropins (LH, FSH), Androgens (Testosterone, Androstenedione, Dehydroepiandrosterone and Its Sulfate), Estrogens (Estrone and Estradiol) and Progestins (Progesterone and 17-Hydroxyprogesterone)

96 citations , September 1975 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

In this study, significant elevations of DHA and testosterone were associated with pubic hair development and voice changes in boys during puberty.

research 17-Hydroxyprogesterone Responses to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Disclose Distinct Phenotypes of Functional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

42 citations , September 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study found that women with PCOS who have an exaggerated 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to buserelin exhibit more severe hyperandrogenemia, increased insulin secretion, and reduced insulin sensitivity.

research The diagnosis of nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, based on serum basal or post-ACTH stimulation 17-hydroxyprogesterone, can lead to false-positive diagnosis

25 citations , September 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology”

This study found that diagnosing nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia in women based solely on serum 17OHP measurements can lead to false positives, suggesting the need for urinary steroid profiles and genetic testing for confirmation.

research Steroid 17-Hydroxyprogesterone in Hair Is a Potential Long-Term Biomarker of Androgen Control in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

10 citations , November 2019 in “Neuroendocrinology”

This study shows that measuring 17-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations in scalp hair may be a useful noninvasive tool for monitoring treatment in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

research Scalp hair 17‐hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione as a long‐term therapy monitoring tool in congenital adrenal hyperplasia

9 citations , April 2016 in “Clinical Endocrinology”

This study suggests that measuring scalp hair 17-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione concentrations can be a promising tool for monitoring treatment in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

research Hyperandrogenism, Elevated 17-Hydroxyprogesterone and Its Urinary Metabolites in a Young Woman with Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified: Case Report and Review of the Literature

7 citations , October 2019 in “Case reports in endocrinology”

This case report describes a woman with hyperandrogenism and menstrual disturbances, where an ovarian steroid cell tumor was identified and removed, leading to resolution of symptoms.

research Unusual presentation with polymenorrhagia and markedly high 17-hydroxy progesterone levels in a lady with Non-Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

1 citations , August 2015 in “PubMed”

This case study reports an Asian female with congenital adrenal hyperplasia presenting atypically with polymenorrhagia, who showed improvement with oral dexamethasone, despite no change in hirsutism or clitoromegaly.

research Affect of a six months treatment regiment of metformin (MET) on 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17P) responses to GnRH agonist (GnRH Ag) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

September 2002 in “Fertility and sterility”

This study found that metformin therapy is associated with the initiation of ovulatory cycles in women with PCOS and a trend toward reduced 17P responses after six months, but did not improve hirsutism or body composition.

research 11α-Hydroxyprogesterone, a potent 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor, is metabolised by steroid-5α-reductase and cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase to produce C11α-derivatives of 21-deoxycortisol and 11-hydroxyandrostenedione in vitro

7 citations , April 2019 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”

This study found that 11α-hydroxyprogesterone is a potent inhibitor of 11βHSD2 in vitro and may serve as a precursor to unique C11α-hydroxy steroids in prostate cancer tissue.

research American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, and Androgen Excess and PCOS Society Disease State Clinical Review: Guide to the Best Practices in the Evaluation and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Part 1

343 citations , October 2015 in “Endocrine Practice”

This review discusses the diagnostic criteria and management strategies for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and highlights the need for comprehensive clinical assessment, but does not report new clinical findings.

research Screening for 21-hydroxylase–deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia among hyperandrogenic women: a prospective study

216 citations , November 1999 in “Fertility and Sterility”

This study found that a basal 17-hydroxyprogesterone level is effective for screening nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia in women, with a 4 ng/mL cutoff providing high specificity and positive predictive value.

research A Prospective Study of the Prevalence of Nonclassical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia among Women Presenting with Hyperandrogenic Symptoms and Signs

150 citations , November 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study determined that nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia has a 2.2% prevalence among hyperandrogenic women in Spain, with basal serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone showing excellent diagnostic performance.

research LC‐MS/MS‐based method for long‐term steroid profiling in human scalp hair

134 citations , March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology”

This study introduced a validated LC-MS/MS-based method for profiling long-term steroid concentrations in human scalp hair, offering potential applications in endocrinology research.

research Female Pseudohermaphroditism Caused by a Novel Homozygous Missense Mutation of the GR Gene

94 citations , April 2002 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

This study describes the first case of female pseudohermaphroditism due to a novel homozygous glucocorticoid receptor gene mutation, indicating possible pre- and postnatal virilization in affected females.

research Steroidogenesis of the testis – new genes and pathways

70 citations , April 2014 in “Annales d'endocrinologie”

This review discusses the pathways of androgen biosynthesis and reports no new findings, highlighting the need to understand the interplay between the classic and backdoor pathways.

research Androgen Profiling by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in Healthy Normal-Weight Ovulatory and Anovulatory Late Adolescent and Young Women

52 citations , June 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study defined menstrual phase-specific reference intervals for circulating androgen levels in young women, highlighting that anovulatory females showed higher androgen, LH, and FSH levels compared to ovulatory females.

research Adrenal steroid hormone concentrations in dogs with hair cycle arrest (Alopecia X) before and during treatment with melatonin and mitotane

52 citations , October 2004 in “Veterinary dermatology”

This study found that 62% of neutered dogs with hair cycle arrest experienced partial to complete hair re-growth after melatonin treatment, but hair re-growth was not consistently linked to normal sex hormone levels.

research Apparent Cortisone Reductase Deficiency: A Rare Cause of Hyperandrogenemia and Hypercortisolism

41 citations , January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics”

In this case study, a 55-year-old woman with androgenetic alopecia was ultimately diagnosed with hepatic cortisone reductase deficiency after initially suspected 21-hydroxylase deficiency was ruled out.

research Treatment of canine Alopecia X with trilostane

40 citations , October 2004 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

In this study, trilostane treatment led to complete hair re-growth in 85% of Pomeranians and all miniature poodles with alopecia X within 4 to 8 weeks.

research Carriers of 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Are Not at Increased Risk for Hyperandrogenism*

31 citations , February 1997 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study concluded that heterozygosity for CYP21 mutations is associated with higher mean and free testosterone levels in women but does not significantly increase their risk of developing clinically evident hyperandrogenism.

research Alopecia attributed to neoplastic ovarian tissue in two ferrets.

26 citations , April 2003 in “PubMed”

This report describes two cases of alopecia in neutered female ferrets linked to neoplastic tissue at the site of an ovarian pedicle, suggesting an ovarian origin for the tumors.

research Does Cyclosporin A Influence Sex Hormone Level?

20 citations , July 2009 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes”

This study found that increased hair growth from Cyclosporin A treatment is likely not due to hormonal changes.

research Evaluation and Treatment of Hirsutism in Premenopausal Women

19 citations , March 2018 in “JAMA”

This guideline discusses the evaluation and treatment of hirsutism in premenopausal women, recommending oral contraceptive pills or antiandrogens as initial therapies with weak support from low-quality evidence.

research Hyperandrogenemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: prevalence, characteristics and association with body mass index

19 citations , January 2017 in “Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation”

This study found a high prevalence of hyperandrogenemia in women with PCOS, with distinct biochemical differences according to BMI and presence of hyperandrogenemia.

research Adrenal 21-hydroxylase gene mutations in Slovenian hyperandrogenic women: evaluation of corticotrophin stimulation and HLA polymorphisms in screening for carrier status

19 citations , August 1999 in “European journal of endocrinology”

This study concluded that neither basal nor ACTH-stimulated 17-OHP concentrations effectively indicate carrier status for 21-hydroxylase deficiency among Slovenian hyperandrogenic women, recommending molecular analysis of the CYP21 gene for reliable screening.

research Isosexual Precocious Pseudopuberty Secondary to a Testosterone-Secreting Leydig Cell Testicular Tumour: True Isosexual Development Early After Surgery*

17 citations , April 2009 in “Andrologia”

This case study reports that hormonal imbalances in a young boy with precocious pseudopuberty returned to normal after the removal of a testicular interstitial cell tumor, with normal spontaneous puberty following.