Pattern Hair Loss in Men: Diagnosis, Genetic Link, Clinical Features, and Treatments

September 2012 in “ Dermatologic Clinics ”

Nusrat Banka, M.J. Kristine Bunagan, Jerry Shapiro

male pattern hair loss MPHL follicular miniaturization terminal hair vellus hair pull test scalp biopsy minoxidil finasteride dutasteride topical antiandrogens laser therapy follicular cell implantation Rogaine Propecia

From the encyclopedia

Minoxidil →

An essential vasodilator with some anti-androgenic effects

Finasteride →

Frontline, gold standard treatment for combatting androgenic alopecia

Dutasteride →

Heavy duty finasteride that comes with higher risks

Studysummary This article reviews current knowledge on the causes, diagnosis, and medical treatments for androgenetic alopecia, particularly in men, and reports no new findings.

Automatically generated from the study's abstract, not written by a person, and not a review of the full paper. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Read the original study, and consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer

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Research cited in this study

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research Evidence-Based Guideline for the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia in Women and Men

198 citations , October 2011 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft”

This article discusses the development of an evidence-based guideline for treating androgenetic alopecia and reports no new research results.

research Finasteride, 1 Mg Daily Administration on Male Androgenetic Alopecia in Different Age Groups: 10-Year Follow-Up

44 citations , July 2011 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

This study found that finasteride 1 mg was effective in improving androgenetic alopecia over 10 years in men, particularly those older than 30, with some reporting beneficial results even after 5 years.

research Role of Genetics and Sex Steroid Hormones in Male Androgenetic Alopecia and Female Pattern Hair Loss: An Update

87 citations , March 2011 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology”

This review explores the current understanding of genetic and hormonal influences on male androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss, providing guidance for clinicians but reports no new results.

research Male Pattern Baldness and the Risk of Prostate Cancer

38 citations , February 2011 in “Annals of Oncology”

This study found that early-onset androgenic alopecia is associated with a higher risk of developing prostate cancer, although it was not linked to earlier diagnosis or more aggressive tumors.

research Androgenetic Alopecia and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Men and Women: A Comparative Study

110 citations , July 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Hair loss linked to higher heart disease risk in both men and women.

research Susceptibility Variants for Male-Pattern Baldness on Chromosome 20p11

140 citations , October 2008 in “Nature Genetics”

research The Role of Scalp Dermoscopy in the Diagnosis of Alopecia Areata Incognita

150 citations , April 2008 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that videodermoscopy reveals distinct dermoscopic features in patients with alopecia areata incognita, aiding in biopsy decisions by identifying the appropriate sampling area and potentially avoiding unnecessary procedures.

research Genome-Wide Scan and Fine-Mapping Linkage Study of Androgenetic Alopecia Reveals a Locus on Chromosome 3q26

62 citations , March 2008 in “American Journal of Human Genetics”

This study located a potential genetic link for androgenetic alopecia on chromosome 3q26, marking an early step in identifying new susceptibility genes for male pattern baldness.

research Dutasteride Improves Male Pattern Hair Loss in a Randomized Study in Identical Twins

39 citations , March 2007 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

This study in identical twin males with androgenetic alopecia found that dutasteride significantly improved hair growth compared to placebo over one year.

The Importance of Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibition in the Treatment of Male Pattern Hair Loss: Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study of Dutasteride Versus Finasteride

research The Importance of Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibition in the Treatment of Male Pattern Hair Loss: Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study of Dutasteride Versus Finasteride

215 citations , November 2006 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that dutasteride increased scalp hair growth in men with male pattern hair loss, particularly at a 2.5 mg dose, and was more effective than finasteride over 24 weeks.

research Effects of Finasteride (1 mg) on Hair Transplant

23 citations , October 2005 in “Dermatologic Surgery”

This study found that finasteride 1 mg daily, taken before and after hair transplant surgery, significantly improved scalp hair coverage and density in men with androgenetic alopecia compared to placebo.

research Follicular Cell Implantation: An Emerging Cell Therapy for Hair Loss

13 citations , May 2005 in “Seminars in Plastic Surgery”

This article discusses the cell therapy potential of follicular cell implantation for hair regeneration and reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the role of dermal papilla cells in forming new follicles.

Cultured Peribulbar Dermal Sheath Cells Can Induce Hair Follicle Development and Contribute to the Dermal Sheath and Dermal Papilla

research Cultured Peribulbar Dermal Sheath Cells Can Induce Hair Follicle Development and Contribute to the Dermal Sheath and Dermal Papilla

208 citations , December 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that dermal papilla and peribulbar dermal sheath cup cells in mice can both induce hair follicle formation, suggesting they may have similar functional roles in hair growth.

research Production Rates of Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone in Female Pattern Hair Loss

17 citations , July 2003 in “Metabolism-clinical and Experimental”

This study found that young women with female-pattern hair loss exhibit increased testosterone production rates while dihydrotestosterone production rates remain within or below the normal range.

research Prostaglandin Analogs for Hair Growth: Great Expectations

20 citations , January 2003 in “Dermatology online journal”

This review discusses the potential of prostaglandin analogs for hair growth and forms of alopecia, and reports no new clinical results.

research Androgens and Alopecia

165 citations , December 2002 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology”

This study found that finasteride improves scalp hair growth in men with male pattern hair loss by reducing scalp dihydrotestosterone levels, but it did not benefit postmenopausal women with female pattern hair loss.

A Randomized Clinical Trial of 5% Topical Minoxidil Versus 2% Topical Minoxidil and Placebo in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

research A Randomized Clinical Trial of 5% Topical Minoxidil Versus 2% Topical Minoxidil and Placebo in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

269 citations , August 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that 5% topical minoxidil significantly increased hair regrowth and improved psychosocial perceptions of hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia compared to 2% topical minoxidil and placebo over 48 weeks.

research Comparative Efficacy of Various Treatment Regimens for Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

80 citations , August 2002 in “Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that combining oral finasteride with topical minoxidil resulted in the greatest improvement in hair growth for male patients with androgenetic alopecia, compared to using any single treatment.

Minoxidil-Induced Hair Growth Is Mediated by Adenosine in Cultured Dermal Papilla Cells: Possible Involvement of Sulfonylurea Receptor 2B as a Target of Minoxidil

research Minoxidil-Induced Hair Growth Is Mediated by Adenosine in Cultured Dermal Papilla Cells: Possible Involvement of Sulfonylurea Receptor 2B as a Target of Minoxidil

83 citations , December 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil boosts hair growth by targeting adenosine and possibly sulfonylurea receptor 2B.

research Polymorphism of the Androgen Receptor Gene Is Associated with Male Pattern Baldness

299 citations , March 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that specific genetic markers near the androgen receptor gene are significantly more common in men with male pattern baldness, suggesting a genetic component in its development.

research Finasteride Increases Anagen Hair in Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

129 citations , October 2000 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that finasteride increases anagen hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia.

research Treatment of Hair Loss

370 citations , September 1999 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

This article discusses the treatment of androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata with finasteride and minoxidil but reports no new clinical results.

research Finasteride in the Treatment of Men with Frontal Male Pattern Hair Loss

187 citations , June 1999 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study reported that finasteride 1 mg/day significantly increased hair growth and slowed hair loss in men with frontal scalp hair thinning over one year, and these benefits continued or improved in the second year.

research Finasteride

125 citations , January 1999 in “Drugs”

This study found that oral finasteride 1 mg/day promotes hair growth and prevents further hair loss in a significant proportion of men with male pattern hair loss over two years.

research Finasteride in the Treatment of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

581 citations , October 1998 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In male pattern hair loss, this study found that finasteride 1 mg daily significantly slowed hair loss and increased hair growth over two years compared to placebo.

research Fortnightly Review: Male Pattern Androgenetic Alopecia

179 citations , September 1998 in “BMJ”

This article reviews the pathogenesis, genetic basis, and recent treatment breakthroughs for androgenetic alopecia but reports no new clinical findings.

research Hair Regrowth

118 citations , April 1998 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

This review discusses the advancements in understanding and treating androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata but reports no clinical findings; the authors emphasize the need for further research on molecular control mechanisms.

Different Levels of 5α-Reductase Type I and II, Aromatase, and Androgen Receptor in Hair Follicles of Women and Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

research Different Levels of 5α-Reductase Type I and II, Aromatase, and Androgen Receptor in Hair Follicles of Women and Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

416 citations , September 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.

research Photographic Documentation of Hair Growth in Androgenetic Alopecia

102 citations , October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

Photographic documentation crucial for evaluating hair growth in androgenetic alopecia.

research A Comparison of the Culture and Growth of Dermal Papilla Cells from Hair Follicles from Non-Balding and Balding (Androgenetic Alopecia) Scalp

30 citations , March 1996 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

research Diagnostic and Predictive Value of Horizontal Sections of Scalp Biopsy Specimens in Male Pattern Androgenetic Alopecia

309 citations , May 1993 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study concluded that horizontal sections of scalp biopsy specimens provide more diagnostic information for male pattern androgenetic alopecia than vertical sections and can predict hair regrowth potential following topical minoxidil therapy.

research Scalp Immersion Proxigraphy: An Improved Imaging Technique for Phototrichogram Analysis

28 citations , October 1992 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

In this study, Scalp Immersion Proxigraphy (SIP) was shown to produce more accurate measurements of linear hair growth rate than crude phototrichogram techniques, suggesting SIP's suitability for clinical trials monitoring hair growth.

research Induction of Follicle Formation and Hair Growth by Vibrissa Dermal Papillae Implanted into Rat Ear Wounds: Vibrissa-Type Fibres Are Specified

125 citations , August 1992 in “Development”

This study found that implanting isolated adult rat dermal papillae into ear cuts led to the emergence of unusually large vibrissa-type hair follicles, demonstrating their capacity to induce specific hair fiber characteristics.

Five-Year Follow-Up of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia Treated with Topical Minoxidil

research Growth of the Hair

521 citations , January 1954 in “Physiological Reviews”

Hair growth is cyclic and influenced mainly by local factors.