Single-Cell Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Distinct Immunopathogenic Programs in Alopecia Totalis/Universalis Compared to Patchy Alopecia Areata

July 2026 in “ Journal of Investigative Dermatology ”

B.D. Hu, H. He, S. Bose, D. Gour, M.N. Mazumdar, J. Zhou, A. Golla, E. Del Duca, J. Beaziz, G. Avallone, W. Zhao, H. Pfeifer, M. Degrange, M. Taliercio, A. Pasumarthi, Y. Estrada, E. Guttman-Yassky

alopecia totalis alopecia universalis patchy alopecia areata single-cell RNA sequencing cytotoxic T cell Th1 expression Th2 expression IL9R mast cell allergic inflammation macrophages dendritic cells JAK1 JAK2 JAK3 STAT1 fibroblasts smooth muscle cells pro-inflammatory markers vascular endothelial cells OASL IL4R IL13RA1 systemic inflammation RNA sequencing T cell Th1 Th2 interleukin 9 receptor Janus kinase 1 Janus kinase 2 Janus kinase 3 signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like interleukin 4 receptor interleukin 13 receptor subunit alpha 1

Studysummary Alopecia totalis/universalis involves more intense immune activity and inflammation than patchy alopecia areata.

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