40 citations,
June 2009 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” AGA patients have fewer hairs and smaller follicles; T:V ratio above 4:1 may indicate AGA.
36 citations,
October 2014 in “Langmuir” Bleaching hair removes its protective top layer and exposes more hydrophilic groups, changing its chemical surface and affecting how it interacts with products.
1 citations,
July 2024 in “Skin Research and Technology” Patients with androgenetic alopecia have thinner subcutaneous fat layers in their frontal scalp compared to healthy individuals.
February 2023 in “Medicine in novel technology and devices” Microneedles with traditional Chinese medicine can help regrow hair in androgenic alopecia.
65 citations,
October 2015 in “Acta Biomaterialia” The nano-carrier makes etoposide safer and more effective against lung cancer.
6 citations,
April 2005 in “Journal of dermatological science” The study found nine new hair protein genes in human hair follicles.
5 citations,
April 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Aging skin shows thinner layers, fewer hair follicles, and new biomarkers like increased space between cells and smaller sebaceous glands.
3 citations,
December 1994 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Oral itraconazole effectively reaches and treats deep skin layers in guinea pigs.
1 citations,
July 2022 in “PLOS ONE” The study concluded that people with Lichen Planopilaris have a more diverse scalp bacteria and different metabolic pathways compared to healthy individuals.
1 citations,
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” The skin's dermal layer contains true stem cells with diverse functions and interactions that need more research to fully understand.
January 2024 in “RSC pharmaceutics” Removing the outer skin layer increases drug absorption and offers non-invasive treatment options, with some methods allowing for quick skin recovery.
62 citations,
July 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hair growth is influenced by interactions between skin layers, growth factors, and hormones, but the exact mechanisms are not fully understood.
57 citations,
January 2014 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine” Skin stem cells maintain and repair the outer layer of skin, with some types being essential for healing wounds.
7 citations,
August 2006 in “Biopolymers” Researchers extracted tiny keratin filaments from human hair by unzipping its outer layer.
November 2023 in “npj regenerative medicine” Skin spheroids with both outer and inner layers are key for regrowing skin patterns and hair.
351 citations,
February 2010 in “Nature Cell Biology” Basal cell carcinoma mostly starts from cells in the upper skin layers, not hair follicle stem cells.
129 citations,
May 2015 in “Cell Stem Cell” Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.
90 citations,
February 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.
36 citations,
February 2018 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Sweat glands and hair follicles are structurally connected within a specific layer of skin fat.
18 citations,
May 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Human body's immune cells are more common in the layer of fat just beneath the skin than in deeper fat layers.
14 citations,
April 2019 in “Genes” Researchers found a genetic region that influences the number of coat layers in dogs.
April 2024 in “Molecules/Molecules online/Molecules annual” The composite sponge helps heal diabetic wounds by reducing inflammation and promoting new blood vessel growth.
21 citations,
December 2016 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Nano-sized lipid particles increase dexamethasone's skin penetration and create a reservoir in the skin layers.
September 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” A new staining method shows a special area in the hair's skin layer with lots of proteoglycans.
86 citations,
May 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A new keratin, hK6irs1, is found in all layers of the hair follicle's inner root sheath.
12 citations,
February 1997 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The enzyme type 1 5α-reductase is more active in the hair follicle's lower part than in the skin's outer layer.
4 citations,
October 2017 in “Advances in tissue engineering & regenerative medicine” Researchers created a potential skin substitute using a biodegradable mat that supports skin cell growth and layer formation.
2 citations,
April 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The skin's basement membrane is specially designed to support different types of connections between skin layers and hair follicles.
1 citations,
January 2015 in “Journal of Pigmentary Disorders” Treating melasma in men is difficult, especially for the deeper skin layers, and may need more than just topical treatments.
18 citations,
August 2014 in “Lipids” Human hair has more unsaturated fats inside than on the surface, and certain lipids may help bind the outer and inner layers together.