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The reconstructed skin model from hair follicles functions like human skin in processing chemicals and can be used to test ingredient safety.

New pregnane derivatives are effective at inhibiting an enzyme linked to hair loss and reducing oil gland activity.

Girls had higher stress hormone levels during school due to social and emotional issues, while boys had higher overall hormone levels with slight changes when school started.

Certain 4-azasteroids are effective at blocking the enzyme that processes testosterone in human skin and could help treat acne, excessive hair growth, and male pattern baldness.

Researchers created immortal human skin cells with constant testosterone receptor activity to study hair loss and test treatments.

Testosterone increases sexual behavior in female capuchin monkeys.

Ginseng, especially red ginseng, may help regrow hair and block a hair loss-related enzyme.

Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.

Testosterone replacement therapy can prevent men from fathering children and should not be used by those wanting to stay fertile.

The testosterone patch and gel are both effective, but they have different absorption patterns and effects on hormone levels.

Lygodii Spora extract may help treat hair loss by blocking a hair loss-related enzyme and promoting hair growth.

An extract from Quercus acutissima bark was found to reduce sebum production and block an enzyme linked to acne.

Puerariae Flos extract may help treat hair loss by blocking a hair loss-related enzyme and promoting hair growth.

Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.

Certain Chinese herbs, especially Cacumen platycladi, can promote hair regrowth and reduce hair loss-related hormone levels in mice.

Taking oral testosterone with finasteride or dutasteride doubles testosterone levels, and food slightly affects it.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.

The new oral testosterone pill normalized testosterone levels and lowered SHBG in men with low testosterone.

Transdermal testosterone can improve sexual desire in postmenopausal women but lacks long-term safety data and is not FDA-approved for this use.

Local testosterone treatment improved sexual desire in a female with fragile X syndrome.

Higher testosterone harms sperm motility, while higher estradiol improves sperm survival.

Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.

Some women with acne have higher levels of free testosterone, which might suggest using hormonal treatments for acne.

Women with androgenic alopecia are more likely to have polycystic ovaries and higher androgen levels, which may indicate PCOS.

The document concludes that careful evaluation is needed to diagnose PCOS correctly due to similar symptoms in other conditions, and accurate testosterone level measurement is crucial.

Testosterone changes how certain channels work in male rat reproductive tracts, affecting fertility-related fluid balance.

Testosterone undecanoate safely and effectively increased penis size in male children with 5-alpha-reductase deficiency.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.