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This study found that testosterone-enanthate increased red blood cell production and altered iron homeostasis in older hypogonadal men without being affected by finasteride, indicating these effects do not require type II 5α-reductase enzyme activity.

Testosterone needs to be converted to DHT to reduce stress response in male rats.

This study suggests that red ginseng rhizome extracts, particularly ginsenoside Ro, may promote hair re-growth in an androgenetic alopecia model due to their inhibitory activity on testosterone 5α-reductase.

In this study, researchers found that while both beard and scalp dermal papilla cells release similar autocrine growth factors, only beard cells increased production and response with testosterone, suggesting these factors enhance androgen-induced hair growth.

This study found associations between genetic predictors of increased testosterone and cardiovascular risk factors, but the implications for testosterone supplementation are unclear due to uncertainties in genetic variant functions.

This study found that hair cortisol levels increase and testosterone levels decrease with obesity, suggesting that measuring hormones in hair may be a valuable tool in obesity research and clinical practice.

This review discusses the use of testosterone therapy for low libido in women, noting mixed evidence on breast cancer risk and a lack of long-term safety data.

This study found that combining cyproterone acetate with testosterone enanthate was highly effective in suppressing spermatogenesis, suggesting potential as a reversible male contraceptive method.

This study found that low doses of leuprolide effectively suppressed serum estradiol and LH response, while higher doses were needed to suppress testosterone and reduce hair growth in hirsute women.

High testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in hair could predict male-pattern baldness.

Randomized trials reported that testosterone therapy improved sexual function in postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, particularly those who had undergone oophorectomy, with reversible and well-tolerated side effects.

This study found that overexpression of AKR1C3 in prostate cancer cells redirected androgen metabolism towards testosterone production, which facilitated cell proliferation, potentially reducing the effectiveness of finasteride treatment.

This study found that Piper nigrum leaf extract showed in vivo anti-androgenic activity and potent 5α-reductase inhibitory effects, with piperine and (−)-cubebin identified as active components.

This study found that testosterone is converted to estrogenic steroids in vitro without aromatase involvement, suggesting that combining 5α-reductase and aromatase inhibitors might reduce estrogenic steroids more completely in vivo.

This animal study found that Cinnamomi cortex water extract reduced prostate weight and improved histological changes in a benign prostatic hyperplasia model, suggesting potential as a treatment.

This article summarizes findings on the role of androgens and estrogens in male reproductive tissues across species, highlighting the roles of hormone metabolism, receptor distribution, and stress-induced changes.

This review discusses testosterone metabolism in human skin and its link to androgenetic alopecia, acne vulgaris, and idiopathic hirsutism, but it presents no new results.

In this animal study, administering testosterone alongside a 5α-reductase inhibitor counteracted testosterone's effects on prostate enlargement while preserving its beneficial effects on muscle and bone.

This study found that a low estrogen-containing oral contraceptive normalized hormone levels and improved symptoms in women with polycystic ovary disease, with minimal side effects reported.

In this study, hirsute women with normal or medically normalized testosterone levels experienced similar, though declining, hair reduction from both intense pulsed light and long-pulsed diode laser treatments over six months.

Testosterone replacement therapy can prevent men from fathering children and should not be used by those wanting to stay fertile.

In this study, dihydrotestosterone increased proliferation and decreased IL-6 production in in-vitro fibroblasts from hereditary gingival fibromatosis and normal gingiva, effects partially reversed by anti-androgens.

This study reported that the aqueous ethanol extract of Lygodii Spora demonstrated in vitro testosterone 5alpha-reductase inhibition and in vivo anti-androgenic activity, potentially due to oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids.

This study found that lower testosterone levels in male COVID-19 patients were associated with greater disease severity and longer hospital stays.

This study found that a testosterone patch and gel showed bioequivalent testosterone levels in hypogonadal men, but the patch mimicked a natural circadian profile, while the gel resulted in higher dihydrotestosterone levels.

This study found that Bokusoku extract and its compound pentagalloyl glucose inhibited testosterone metabolism and sebum synthesis, suggesting potential therapeutic use for androgen-related acne.

This review refutes several myths about testosterone therapy in women and suggests that testosterone is beneficial for both physical and mental health, though its safety in women continues to be researched.

This study found that transdermal testosterone significantly increased the frequency of satisfactory sexual events in women experiencing SSRI/SNRI-related loss of libido, but did not improve overall sexual self-rating scores.

This study suggests that in SZ95 sebocytes, a pathway for DHT biosynthesis does not require testosterone as an intermediate, potentially impacting the treatment of androgen-sensitive skin conditions.

This study developed a sensitive and specific method for detecting testosterone in horse hair, finding trace amounts in samples for up to five months after administering a single dose.