September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that administering a supraphysiological dose of testosterone to female rats significantly reduced estrogen and progesterone levels, disrupted sex steroid receptor expression, and interfered with the embryonic implantation window, indicating potential implications for androgen-related endometrial conditions.
November 2014 in “Clinical Neurophysiology” High doses of progesterone can reduce seizures in mice.
January 2025 in “Biomedicines” In this study, female rats given high doses of testosterone showed decreased endometrial thickness and lower mRNA levels of components in the LIF signalling pathway, indicating that excessive testosterone may negatively impact endometrial receptivity and potentially affect fertility.
August 2014 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” This study reported that administering a supraphysiological dose of testosterone for one year resulted in minor cognitive benefits and decreased depressive symptoms in older hypogonadal men, but major cognitive improvements were not observed.
February 2023 in “riUfes (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo)” This study found that supraphysiological doses of testosterone alter endothelial relaxation pathways in hypertensive rats, with varied contributions from nitric oxide, prostanoids, and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors, influenced by estrogen and dihydrotestosterone levels.
99 citations
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June 2005 in “Endocrinology” This study found that applying supraphysiologic doses of topical T3 significantly accelerated wound healing in mice compared to a control vehicle, suggesting its potential as a cost-effective wound treatment.
August 2019 in “International journal of contemporary pediatrics” This case study reports that a 3 ½ year-old male with vitamin D-dependent type II rickets showed partial improvement in alopecia and rickets when treated with high doses of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3.
January 2024 in “Life sciences” This study observed that in spontaneously hypertensive rats, testosterone's effects on endothelium-dependent vasodilation involved reduced nitric oxide levels, increased oxidative stress, and greater reliance on endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization, with variations in these responses noted when testosterone was combined with either anastrozole or finasteride.
April 2026 in “Journal of Education Health and Sport” In this study, a literature review highlighted that anabolic-androgenic steroid use in physically active men is associated with adverse effects across multiple body systems, including cardiovascular, endocrine, and psychiatric complications, underscoring the need for increased clinical awareness and further research.
January 2018 in “Medicinski pregled” This review highlights the various nonmedical uses of anabolic androgenic steroids and associated polypharmacy, suggesting that preventing their abuse should be a public health priority, but it reports no new findings.
24 citations
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January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” This review examines hormonal influences on acne development and available hormonal therapies but reports no new clinical results.
6 citations
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September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” This review discusses the role of androgens in women's sexual health and highlights the need for further research on androgen replacement therapy to optimize quality of life, but reports no new clinical results.
June 2026 in “Preprints.org” This study found that in healthy young men, oral minoxidil at 5 mg/day led to increased carotid intima-media thickness and vascular aging, suggesting potential cardiovascular side effects at higher doses. A dose-dependent effect was observed, while dutasteride displayed a favorable vascular profile without significant changes.
This study reports that subcutaneous testosterone pellets in peri- and postmenopausal women provided sustained hormone release and potential benefits for sexual function, but raised concerns about safety, variability, and dosing inconsistencies.
18 citations
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May 2014 in “Menopause” This study found that a 5-mg daily dose of transdermal testosterone cream in postmenopausal women restored testosterone levels to those typical of premenopausal women.
2 citations
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September 2007 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” This case study reports that low-dose testosterone therapy improved libido and sexual functions in a 36-year-old fragile X carrier female with hypoactive sexual desire disorder when monitored regularly for lab parameters.
117 citations
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February 2017 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This systematic review concluded that the support for using spironolactone at commonly prescribed doses is based on evidence of limited quality.
81 citations
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May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” This review discusses the safety of testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women and concludes that, aside from hirsutism and acne, it appears safe at physiological doses for several years, though more long-term studies are needed.
7 citations
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June 2016 in “Bone Research” In this study, a Chinese Han family with hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets was found to have a homozygous missense mutation in the VDR gene, and the affected individual uniquely responded well to treatment with oral calcium and low-dose calcitriol.
1 citations
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May 2019 in “Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism/Journal of pediatric endocrinology and metabolism” In this study, a novel VDR gene mutation was identified in a child with HVDRR, and the researchers observed that high-dose intravenous calcium therapy led to significant and sustained improvement in rickets symptoms.
51 citations
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April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” This review examines androgen replacement therapy in women for treating androgen deficiency symptoms and reports no new clinical results, while noting potential safety within a specific dose range.
March 2026 in “Trends in Sciences” This study developed a testosterone propionate-induced C57BL/6 mouse model of androgenetic alopecia, demonstrating that high-dose, prolonged testosterone administration inhibited hair regrowth and mirrored human AGA pathology, providing a useful platform for studying hair loss mechanisms and testing therapies targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” In this case study, a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia experienced substantial improvement in musculoskeletal and neurobehavioral symptoms after low-dose testosterone therapy, highlighting its potential role in managing chronic glucocorticoid overtreatment effects.
61 citations
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January 2017 in “Human Reproduction Open” This review discusses hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency, strongly recommending it for symptom relief and bone protection, but notes a lack of evidence on optimal types and doses.
13 citations
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August 2016 in “Reproduction” In this study, nandrolone decanoate treatment in rats caused persistent diestrus and altered steroid receptor expression and sex hormones, especially at higher doses, with partial reversibility at lower doses over time.
6 citations
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November 2017 in “Scientific reports” This study found that a novel R343H mutation in the vitamin D receptor gene impairs its transcription activity, contributing to hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets and alopecia in the affected family.
12 citations
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January 2017 in “PubMed” This case study reports a possible link between gastroparesis and reduced absorption of thyroxine, leading to persistent hypothyroidism despite increased medication doses.
6 citations
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November 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” In a clinical trial, this study found that a modified slow-release oral testosterone formulation improved pharmacokinetics, delaying serum testosterone peaks and reducing serum DHT compared to immediate-release formulations, especially when combined with finasteride.
54 citations
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September 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” This study found that discontinuing finasteride led to a significant increase in sperm counts for most men with reduced fertility, though hormone levels and other semen parameters remained unchanged.
14 citations
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December 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that MENT is 10 times more potent than testosterone in suppressing gonadotropins and contributing to anabolism in monkeys, with a potentially wider therapeutic index for human androgen replacement and male contraception.