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Skin aging is due to impaired stem cell mobilization or fewer responsive stem cells.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.

Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

KGF and activin are crucial for skin healing and repair.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.

Stress increases a factor in mice that leads to hair loss, and blocking this factor may prevent it.

The sebaceous gland has more roles than just producing sebum and contributing to acne, and new research could lead to better skin disease treatments.

New nanocomposites with copper show promise for healing burn wounds and regenerating skin.

Oxidative stress affects hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia.

All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.

BMP2 and BMP7 have opposite roles in feather formation.

Hair mineral analysis might help diagnose diseases early, but standard methods are needed.

Skin development in mammals is controlled by key proteins and signals from underlying cells, involving stem cells for maintenance and repair.

Fat cells are important for healthy skin, hair growth, and healing, and changes in these cells can affect skin conditions and aging.

Menopause reduces skin collagen and elasticity, and while estrogen therapy can help, its risks require careful consideration.

Targeting the skin's endocannabinoid system could help treat skin disorders.

Topical drugs and near-infrared light therapy show potential for treating alopecia.

Air pollution (PM10) increases skin inflammation and aging by reducing collagen and may trigger a repair response in skin cells.

Advanced nanocarrier and microneedle drug delivery methods are more effective, safer, and less invasive for treating skin diseases.

The gene Foxq1, controlled by Hoxc13, is crucial for hair follicle differentiation.

Noggin overexpression delays eyelid opening by affecting cell death and skin cell development.

Mice healed without scars as fetuses but developed scars as adults, suggesting scarless healing might be replicated with further research.

Hair can regrow after certain stem cells are lost because other stem cells can take over their role.

MicroRNAs are crucial for controlling skin development and healing by regulating genes.

IGF-1 injections help mice grow more hair by increasing cell growth and blocking a hair growth inhibitor.

miR-22, a type of microRNA, controls hair growth and its overproduction can cause hair loss, while its absence can speed up hair growth.

The document concludes that mouse models are crucial for studying hair biology and that all mutant mice may have hair growth abnormalities that require detailed analysis to identify.

MRL/MpJ mice's skin wounds heal with scars, unlike their ear wounds which can regenerate.

New treatments for acne scars are safer and more effective because we understand the causes better.