This chapter provides an overview of the complex chemical and physical structure of the hair surface, detailing how factors like ethnicity, environmental stress, and cosmetic treatments can alter its properties and influence the adhesion of hair care products.
5 citations
,
March 2017 in “Laser Physics Letters” This review discusses the role of scalp imaging techniques in trichology for researching drug delivery and toxicology, without presenting new clinical results.
54 citations
,
October 2002 in “Journal of controlled release” This study found that increasing a drug's lipophilicity and adding ethanol to the donor phase can enhance its delivery to the hair follicle, although the precise transport mechanism remains unclear.
4 citations
,
March 2013 in “InTech eBooks” Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) is a useful tool for studying how drugs interact with skin and diagnosing skin disorders, despite some limitations.
1 citations
,
January 2021 in “Springer Proceedings in Materials” This study demonstrates a sample preparation method for wool follicles that allows for clear keratin labeling and ultrastructural preservation in microscopy, reducing common artefacts from conventional fixation techniques.
3 citations
,
February 2023 in “ACS omega” In this study, grape seed oil was found to be the most effective herbal oil for improving gloss and reducing fractures in various hair types.
25 citations
,
March 2002 in “Scanning” This study highlights confocal microscopy as a promising, minimally invasive tool for assessing hair morphology and internal structures, making it valuable for cosmetic hair assessments.
3 citations
,
November 2021 in “Applied Microscopy” This article presents a comprehensive overview of hair microscopy techniques and their diagnostic potential for systemic and cutaneous disorders, emphasizing its usefulness in resource-limited settings and highlighting the underutilization of this non-invasive method due to lack of awareness.
January 2026 in “Inflammation and Regeneration” This review highlights that two-photon excitation microscopy is a valuable tool for visualizing live skin structures and immune responses at high resolution, though its clinical use is hindered by safety and cost issues.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” This chapter reviews hair anatomy, hair shaft structure, and various cosmetic treatments that can alter or damage hair, but it presents no new research findings.
46 citations
,
January 2009 in “Textile Research Journal” This study presents a DNA-analytical method that can reliably identify and differentiate cashmere, fine wool, yak, and camel hair fibers in both untreated and processed samples.
73 citations
,
March 2009 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” This article reviews various diagnostic tools for hair disorders, describing methods ranging from invasive to noninvasive, but reports no new research findings or clinical results.
17 citations
,
June 2017 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” This study found that adapalene-loaded nanospheres in a hyaluronic acid gel enhanced skin penetration and were nonirritant, making them potentially suitable for treating acne on oily skin.
October 2025 in “Pakistan journal of urology.” This supplementary issue of the Pakistan Journal of Urology contains diverse studies spanning organ donation's significance, surgical techniques, and the comparison of treatments in urology, but it doesn't provide specific research results or detailed findings.
5 citations
,
September 2023 in “Molecules” This review examines physical methods like electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, highlighting their complementary capabilities in analyzing biomolecular structures and mycobacterial interactions with reactive oxygen species and antioxidants.
1 citations
,
February 2015 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study tested five different brands of hair building fibers, examining their electrostatic and dielectric properties as well as analyzing their fiber structure with scanning electron microscopy.
4 citations
,
August 2016 in “PubMed” This study analyzed how oxidative hair dye leaches from pigmented and nonpigmented hair during wash cycles, finding that melanin influences the dye deposition and leaching processes.
36 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of Controlled Release” This study demonstrates that confocal laser scanning microscopy can effectively visualize the rapid diffusion and penetration pathway of a dye into the hair follicle in fresh human scalp skin.
71 citations
,
May 2006 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” In this study, researchers found that trichothiodystrophy hair brittleness is linked to abnormalities in sulfur content and structural organization, making it prone to breakage.
November 2025 in “Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Forensic Science” This article reviews recent advancements in forensic hair testing, emphasizing its growing use for detecting past substance exposure, identifying emerging trends like micro-segmentation and hair scanning, and proposing standardized procedures to improve reliability and application in forensic toxicology.
This thesis explores how optical coherence tomography and advanced imaging methods may address clinical needs in fields like interventional pulmonology and dermatology, highlighting their potential for disease assessment and staging.
September 2019 in “University of Huddersfield Repository (University of Huddersfield)” In this study, nanoemulsion formulations were found to significantly enhance the skin retention of the antiseptic agent triclosan, with the optimal mixture being a low surfactant concentration, as demonstrated through quantitative and qualitative analysis using tape-stripping and micro CT scans.
This study found that proretinal nanoparticles, applied topically, are safe and effective for penetration into hair follicles, enhancing retinoid biological activity in the skin while reducing irritation compared to conventional retinal formulations.
This study suggests that a portable OCT system may be useful for the clinical diagnosis and evaluation of skin diseases and laser treatment outcomes.
This review discusses various non-invasive methods for diagnosing alopecia areata, highlighting that trichoscopy signs like short vellus hairs and yellow dots are sensitive indicators of the condition, while advanced imaging techniques provide valuable information on hair follicle status and scalp inflammation.
1 citations
,
March 2015 in “Journal of Visualized Experiments” This study developed a method to quantify hair loss in mice, aiding the evaluation of new treatments for alopecia.
8 citations
,
November 2019 in “International Journal of Morphology” This study found that using henna dye positively affected hair cuticula pattern and diameters compared to undyed hair, though the degree of change may vary based on hair phenotype and condition prior to treatment.
26 citations
,
April 2011 in “Skin Research and Technology” This study found that in vivo confocal scanning laser microscopy accurately quantifies neogenic hair follicles in mice, producing results similar to histology while avoiding fixation artifacts.
21 citations
,
December 2016 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” This study found that nano-sized lipid particles improved the skin accumulation and retention of dexamethasone compared to a base cream, suggesting potential benefits for inflammatory skin disease treatment.
January 2024 in “Seven Editora eBooks” This paper reviews various techniques for measuring the physical and mechanical properties of human hair fibers, emphasizing their importance in developing effective cosmetic products.