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Smad1 and Smad5 are essential for hair follicle development and stem cell sleepiness.

The document explains how to create detailed biological pathways using genomic data and tools, with examples of hair and breast development.

DNA phenotyping helps predict physical traits from DNA with varying accuracy and requires careful ethical and legal handling.

FP-1 is a key protein in rat hair growth, active only during the growth phase.

New drugs like clonidine and prazosin show promise for treating high blood pressure despite some side effects.

Hair follicle melanocytes die during hair regression.

Certain inhibitors slow down plant growth by causing early cell specialization without changing the cell development pattern.

Short telomeres contribute to aging and cancer, and while telomerase can delay aging, it may also promote cancer.

Beta-HPV and MCPyV are linked to certain skin cancers, with ongoing research and vaccine development.

New tools show that in fish, NPY increases feeding and somatostatin decreases it.

The document concludes that Borrelia afzelii causes a skin condition in France, a gene is linked to hair loss in Caucasian women, and various genetic mutations affect skin diseases.

New therapies are being developed that target integrin pathways to treat various diseases.

ATIR101 improves survival in stem cell transplant patients; Australian stem cell treatment decisions are influenced by regulation changes.

The gene Foxn1 is important for hair growth, and understanding it may lead to new alopecia treatments.

Longer CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

Interferons are effective for some skin conditions and cancers, but can have side effects and need more research for optimal use.

Mice without the enzyme HSD17B3 still produce normal testosterone, suggesting they have different ways to make it compared to humans.

Fermented ginsenosides from kimchi bacteria may promote hair growth better than finasteride.

The Wnt signaling pathway is not a major factor in the development of keratoacanthoma, a type of skin tumor.

Collagen XVII is important for skin aging and wound healing.

NcoA4 may have roles beyond helping control gene activity, possibly affecting cell behavior and stability.

Steroid sulfatase is important for activating hormones that affect memory, brain function, and certain diseases, and could be a target for treating hormone-related disorders.

Studying premature aging syndromes helps understand human aging and suggests potential treatments.

The conclusion suggests that PCOS may persist due to genetic traits that, while harmful for female fertility, could have provided survival and reproductive benefits to males.

Mutations in the enzyme don't significantly change how it binds to its specific substances.

Using computers to analyze drugs can find new uses for them, but actual experiments are needed to confirm these uses.

Ethylene and auxin hormones interact in complex ways that are essential for plant growth and development.

The SbbHLH85 protein helps sweet sorghum grow more root hairs but makes the plant more sensitive to salt.

T cells and bacteria in the gut and skin help maintain health and protect against disease.

Targeting glucocorticoid action might help treat type-2 diabetes, but human trials are needed.