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Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Different PIN proteins affect plant root hair growth by changing how auxin is transported.

The telogen phase of hair growth is active and important for preparing hair follicles for regeneration, not just a resting stage.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

The document concludes that while significant progress has been made in understanding skin biology and stem cells, more research is needed to fully understand their interactions with their environment.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a big role in acne, but most acne sufferers don't have a hormone disorder. Hormonal treatments, including birth control pills, can be very effective for women whose acne doesn't improve with regular treatments.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

Animals that change color with the seasons mainly do so in response to daylight changes, but climate change is causing camouflage problems that may require evolutionary changes.

KGF and activin are crucial for skin healing and repair.

Lignans and neolignans from plants may help protect against various health issues, including cancer and heart disease.

The document concludes that understanding the sebaceous gland's development and function is key to addressing related skin diseases and aging effects.

PDGFA/AKT signaling is important for the growth and maintenance of certain skin fat cells.

New single-cell analysis techniques are improving our understanding of stem cells and could help in treating diseases.

We need more research to better understand human hair follicle stem cells for improved treatments for hair loss and skin cancer.

Activating TRPV3 stops human hair growth.

Skin surface lipids are important for skin health and altering them could help prevent aging and treat skin conditions.

A genetic region near the PAX1 gene is linked to a higher risk of scoliosis in females.

Male pattern hair loss is genetic and influenced by hormones, with treatments like minoxidil and surgery available.

A mother's PPARγ is crucial for preventing harmful milk that can cause inflammation and growth problems in babies.

Nerves and chemicals in the body can affect hair growth and loss.

Male hormones and their receptors play a key role in hair loss and skin health, with potential new treatments being explored.

The study found that two enzymes linked to hair loss are located in different parts of the scalp, supporting a common treatment's effectiveness.

New treatments for Alopecia Areata show promise but need to be more effective and affordable.

Hair follicles are hormone-sensitive and involved in growth and other functions, with potential for new treatments, but more research is needed.

Prolactin affects hair growth and skin conditions, and could be a target for new skin disease treatments.

Androgens can both stimulate and cause hair loss, and understanding their effects is key to treating hair disorders.