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The document explains different hair and scalp conditions, including common hair loss after pregnancy or illness, drug-induced hair loss, hereditary excessive hair growth, patterned baldness, autoimmune hair loss, and permanent loss due to skin disease, with generally limited treatment options.

Skin grafting can help repigment vitiligo, but it's less effective for widespread cases due to the Koebner phenomenon.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss; more research needed for other options.

Surgical methods like suction blister grafting and split-thickness skin grafting are highly successful for vitiligo repigmentation, but choosing the right patients is crucial for success.

Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide is the most effective treatment for localized alopecia areata.

Photobiomodulation may help with hair growth and wound healing, but research is inconsistent and needs better quality studies.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune hair loss condition treated with corticosteroids, and histologic confirmation is the best diagnosis method.

Methotrexate effectively treated a 2-year-old's generalized pustular psoriasis without side effects.

An 8-year-old girl with vitiligo developed extra hair growth on her knee after using tacrolimus ointment.

The review says skin conditions with sterile pustules need more research for better treatments.

A 10-year-old girl with Fox Fordyce disease improved with treatment, suggesting the disease can occur before puberty and might be underdiagnosed in young girls.

UVA1-light therapy successfully treated a child's skin condition, mycosis fungoides.

Clobetasol and pimecrolimus are similarly effective for alopecia areata, but pimecrolimus has fewer side effects and is preferred for long-term use.

Fox Fordyce disease might be more common in prepubertal girls than thought and can be managed with treatment.

Long-term etretinate use may cause delayed wound healing and extra tissue growth after injury.

Brodalumab effectively treated a man's severe hand and foot psoriasis.

Fox Fordyce disease can occur in prepubertal girls and may be underdiagnosed.

A man developed a skin reaction from metronidazole, which improved after stopping the drug and starting steroids.

Platelet rich plasma is an effective treatment for alopecia areata.

Transplanting melanocyte stem cells from hair follicles can effectively treat vitiligo.

Fresh plasma transfusions did not help treat Leiner disease in an infant.

A child with rough nails also had hair loss and allergies.

Terbinafine is the most effective medicine for fungal nail infections, especially for diabetics and those with weak immune systems.

Using lidocaine before keloid injections makes the treatment more comfortable for patients.

Both Betasalic ointment and 5% minoxidil are effective and safe for treating Alopecia Areata.

Netherton Syndrome is a non-treatable genetic disorder in children causing skin, hair, and allergy issues.

Alopecia areata in infants may be more common than previously thought.

The document suggests improvements for a hair and scalp disease book and recommends a two-volume skin surgery reference for dermatologists.

Melanocyte stem cells in hair follicles are key for hair color and could help treat greying and pigment disorders.

Guidelines suggest various treatments for alopecia areata, but leaving it untreated is also an option as 80% cases may recover on their own.