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Mutations in the SRD5A3 gene cause a new type of glycosylation disorder by blocking the production of a molecule necessary for protein glycosylation.

PCOS is a complex disorder in women that can lead to various health risks and requires personalized treatment.

FGFs-4, -8, and -9 have overlapping roles and are repeatedly used in tooth development.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Using platelet plasma growth factors in baldness surgery can increase the number of hair follicles.

TNFα helps grow and maintain liver cells in 3D culture for a long time.

Hair follicle-derived IL-7 and IL-15 are crucial for maintaining skin-resident memory T cells and could be targeted for treating skin diseases and lymphoma.

The document concludes that the fast-growing direct-to-consumer genetic testing market lacks sufficient regulation, posing risks to consumers due to questionable test quality and accuracy.

Dermoscopy is a useful tool for identifying features of skin conditions, but more research is needed to define its role in dermatology.

Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.

Targeting and modifying the stem cell niche can improve regenerative therapies.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

Human hair is made up of different keratins, some strong and some weak, with specific types appearing at various stages of hair growth.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

Diet changes can protect against harmful environmental effects on fetal development.

Acne affects most teenagers and can continue into adulthood, with various treatments available that show improvement but have concerns like antibiotic resistance and side effects.

Testosterone levels influence male behaviors and physical traits, but this relationship is complex and influenced by both internal and external factors.

Mutations at Val-889 and Arg-752 disrupt key interactions in the androgen receptor, affecting its function.

ERG increases SOX9, promoting prostate cancer growth and invasion.

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.

Some patients taking finasteride or dutasteride may have ongoing sexual problems and depression even after stopping the medication.

Adding anti-Müllerian hormone to PCOS criteria lowers the number of women diagnosed.

Patients with hidradenitis suppurativa have a different skin microbiome compared to healthy people.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand various diseases in older adults.

Colorectal cancer development involves both genetic changes and epigenetic alterations like DNA methylation and microRNA changes.

Guidelines suggest various treatments for alopecia areata, but leaving it untreated is also an option as 80% cases may recover on their own.

About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.

Dutasteride more effective for hair growth, but has more side effects than finasteride.

Platelet-rich plasma injections significantly improved hair regrowth and thickness in patients with hair loss.