September 1993 in “PubMed” The document concludes that antiandrogenic drugs like cyproterone acetate and spironolactone are effective but not permanent treatments for skin-related androgenization in women.
Higher levels of heat shock protein 27 and lower levels of miR-1 can increase AR levels, leading to hair loss in men.
July 2021 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Alopecia patients have less GPER-1, which might affect hair loss.
September 2016 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” The protein aPKCλ is crucial for keeping hair follicle stem cells inactive and for hair growth and regeneration.
Women with androgenetic alopecia have normal levels of most blood steroids and binding proteins, but higher dehydroepiandrosterone. Some also have low "sex hormone-binding globulin" and "corticosteroide-binding globulin" capacity, and high "free androgen index" and "free cortisol index". Diane treatment can normalize these levels and improve hair conditions.
176 citations,
January 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help control skin health, hair growth, and color, and could potentially be used to treat skin and hair disorders.
116 citations,
April 1986 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Trichohyalin is a protein in hair follicles that helps form hair filaments.
100 citations,
December 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Researchers mapped and categorized specific keratin-associated protein genes on human chromosome 21q22.1.
99 citations,
May 1998 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Small proline-rich proteins and trichohyalin help make epithelial tissues tougher and more flexible.
98 citations,
May 2016 in “Genes” Understanding wool keratin-associated proteins in sheep can help improve wool quality through selective breeding.
98 citations,
June 2001 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” A cluster of sulfur-rich hair protein genes was found on chromosome 17.
97 citations,
March 2002 in “Molecular and cellular biology” Mutant CDP/Cux protein causes hair defects and reduced male fertility in mice.
93 citations,
April 2003 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Fatty acid transport protein 4 is essential for skin and hair development.
92 citations,
November 2006 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” BMP signaling controls hair follicle size and cell growth by affecting cell cycle genes.
84 citations,
December 2008 in “Developmental biology” Retinoic acid-binding proteins in skin are regulated by β-catenin and Notch signalling.
72 citations,
December 2018 in “Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution” Corneous beta-proteins evolved uniquely in reptiles and birds, forming scales, claws, beaks, and feathers.
71 citations,
August 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Hair keratin-associated proteins are essential for strong hair, with over 80 genes showing specific patterns and variations among people.
65 citations,
September 2004 in “The American journal of pathology” Blocking BMP signaling causes hair loss and disrupts hair growth cycles.
61 citations,
May 2016 in “Scientific reports” The peptide IMT-P8 can effectively deliver proteins into the skin and cells for potential skin treatments.
52 citations,
May 2003 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Parathyroid hormone-related protein helps control hair growth phases in mice.
48 citations,
March 2007 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Retinoic acid production and signaling in hair follicles are regulated by location and timing, affecting hair growth and cycling.
48 citations,
November 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Genetic variations in hair keratin proteins exist but don't significantly affect hair structure.
46 citations,
June 2013 in “Journal of structural biology” High glycine–tyrosine keratin-associated proteins help make hair strong and maintain its shape.
46 citations,
May 2012 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Human skin produces sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone, influenced by ARO and StAR, which may affect skin elasticity and hair growth.
46 citations,
August 2003 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Phosphatidic acid may help hair grow by affecting cell growth pathways.
46 citations,
December 2001 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” FLRG and follistatin have different roles in wound healing.
44 citations,
April 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with PCOS have similar levels of certain proteins compared to women without PCOS, and these proteins don't independently cause PCOS.
42 citations,
September 2017 in “Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology” Surface Plasmon Resonance is a useful tool for studying protein interactions and has potential for future technological advancements.
41 citations,
November 2020 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Different hair protein amounts change the strength of keratin/chitosan gels, useful for making predictable tissue engineering materials.
41 citations,
October 2008 in “The American journal of pathology” Blocking a specific protein signal can make hair grow on mouse nipples.