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Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.

Using CRISPR for gene editing in the body is promising but needs better delivery methods to be more efficient and specific.

Human head hair proteins can be typed into eight distinct patterns, useful for genetic and forensic investigations.

No CD44 in alopecia areata, present in normal and androgenetic alopecia.

Glucocorticoids are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that must be used carefully to avoid serious side effects.

The cornified envelope is crucial for skin's barrier function and involves key proteins and genetic factors.

Some supplements may help with hair loss, but there's not enough strong evidence to recommend them without doctor advice.

Cornification is the process where living skin cells die to create a protective barrier, and problems with it can cause skin diseases.

Hair straightening changes hair structure and can cause damage if done wrong, but improvements in the methods are expected to continue.

Hair straightening methods have advanced to improve effectiveness and reduce damage, but still rely on heat and chemicals.

Microfibrils are key for permanent waves, and hydrolyzed keratin improves wave formation and hair condition.

Artemis dysfunction might cause hair loss through telomere shortening.

African spiny mice can regenerate skin, hair, and cartilage, but not muscle, and their unique abilities could be useful for regenerative medicine.

Niosomes are a promising, stable, and cost-effective drug delivery system with potential for improved targeting and safety.

Cancer treatments targeting specific cells and the immune system can cause skin, mouth, hair, and nail problems, affecting patients' quality of life and treatment adherence.

Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.

Vitamin D and its receptor regulate skin functions like cell growth, immunity, hair cycle, and tumor prevention.

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair regrowth, while treatments for alopecia areata have varying success and continuous treatment is necessary.

MIM is crucial for hair follicle formation and regeneration by controlling cilia formation and hedgehog signaling through its interaction with Cortactin and Src.

Obesity increases the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome, and weight loss can improve the condition.

Antioxidants can benefit skin health but should be used carefully to avoid negative effects.

Mouse skin can produce and process serotonin, with variations depending on hair cycle, body location, and mouse strain.

The document concludes that understanding sulfation biology is crucial for creating treatments due to its importance in biological functions and disease.

S100A4 and S100A6 proteins may activate stem cells for hair follicle regeneration and could be potential targets for hair loss treatments.

Microneedle technology has improved drug delivery and patient comfort but needs more research for broader use.

Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.

Aconiti Ciliare Tuber extract may help hair grow by activating a specific cell signaling pathway.

Basal cell carcinomas have much higher levels of Vitamin D3 receptors compared to healthy skin.

New steroidal compounds could be effective for treating conditions related to 5α-reductase enzyme activity.

Cysteine helps maintain keratin production in skin cells even when iron is low.