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Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, a condition with symptoms like increased hair growth and acne, is usually caused by PCOS but can also be due to other factors. It's diagnosed by checking testosterone levels and treated either by removing the adrenal tumor or through antiandrogen therapy.

Women with irregular periods should be checked for PCOS and treated early to prevent complications, with birth control pills helping to manage symptoms.

The conclusion is that a more comprehensive and precise approach is needed for diagnosing PCOS to address its broader health risks.

Spironolactone is a safe and effective treatment for reducing excessive hair growth in women.

High levels of male hormones and irregular periods best predict how well PCOS patients will respond to metformin treatment.

The book provides a clear overview of PCOD and is recommended for medical trainees and clinicians, but may lack depth for advanced researchers.

Both estrogens and androgens are important for health in both males and females.

Obesity leads to physical, metabolic, reproductive issues, higher healthcare costs, and mental health problems.

Older, overweight women with children and a family history of hair loss are more likely to experience female pattern hair loss.

Some ovarian tumors can cause masculinization, and it's important to check for various causes when this symptom is present.

Hormone therapies like birth control pills and spironolactone are safe and effective for treating women's adult acne.

Daughters of women with PCOS generally experience normal puberty but may have more body hair and different body fat distribution.

Hormonal treatments can improve acne, but they come with potential side effects and risks.

Blood removal and birth control pills both helped with hormone levels in women with PCOS, but birth control was better for regular periods and blood removal had fewer side effects.

Cinnamon can help manage symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome, improve menstrual cycles and fertility, and positively affect cholesterol and blood sugar levels, but more research is needed to confirm these effects and find the best dosage.

PCOS may be influenced by factors in the blood, not just the ovaries.

Hormonal therapies are effective for managing hair and skin symptoms in women with PCOS.

The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and linked PCOS to higher risks of diabetes and heart problems, recommending lifestyle changes to lower these risks.

Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.

Improving insulin sensitivity and weight loss can help manage polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

PCOS is often linked to insulin resistance and obesity, and weight loss can improve symptoms.

High afamin levels are linked to metabolic syndrome and may predict its development in women with insulin resistance.

Women with PCOS, especially those overweight, have higher levels of IL-18 in their endometrium, which may affect fertility.

The research suggests that the ZP4 gene is linked to egg development in women with PCOS but requires more study to understand its role in infertility.

Many infertile women with PCOS in Central Vietnam have metabolic or insulin resistance syndrome, with obesity and older age increasing the risk.

A 3-month treatment improved PCOS symptoms and reduced certain immune proteins.

Female relatives of PCOS patients have a higher chance of showing PCOS symptoms.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.