Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Dermatological Approach

The 2011 document reviews the dermatological aspects of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), highlighting the condition's association with hair loss, acanthosis nigricans, and increased risk of various diseases. Hair loss in PCOS patients is attributed to high levels of androgens, which shorten the hair growth phase and cause follicle miniaturization, particularly in the frontal and parietal scalp regions. Diagnosis of PCOS-related hair loss includes hair density measurement and other evaluations, while treatment focuses on reducing hyperandrogenism, restoring ovulatory cycles, and managing metabolic syndrome. Treatments discussed include lifestyle changes, hormonal therapies, anti-androgens like spironolactone, flutamide, and finasteride, and insulin sensitizers like metformin. Cosmetic treatments for hirsutism, such as laser epilation and topical eflornithine, are also mentioned, along with topical minoxidil and hair transplants for alopecia. The document emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications and improve quality of life for PCOS patients.