What Every Physician Should Know About Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

September 2008 in “ Dermatologic therapy ”

Robert L. Rosenfield

polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS hirsutism acne pattern alopecia ovarian dysfunction insulin resistance hyperandrogenemia acanthosis nigricans ultrasonography polycystic ovaries oligo-anovulation oral contraceptives antiandrogens insulin-lowering medications pattern hair loss birth control pills

Studysummary This review describes the clinical evaluation and management options for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, focusing on its endocrine and metabolic implications, but reports no new results.

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Research cited in this study

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research Evaluation and Treatment of Hirsutism in Premenopausal Women: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

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This review discusses hirsutism management guidelines, recommending androgen testing only for women with abnormal hirsutism scores and advocating for combined therapy approaches depending on severity and underlying conditions, but it reports no new clinical results.

A Prospective Study of the Prevalence of Nonclassical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Among Women Presenting with Hyperandrogenic Symptoms and Signs

research A Prospective Study of the Prevalence of Nonclassical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Among Women Presenting with Hyperandrogenic Symptoms and Signs

150 citations , November 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study determined that nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia has a 2.2% prevalence among hyperandrogenic women in Spain, with basal serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone showing excellent diagnostic performance.

research Metformin Improves Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Symptoms Irrespective of Pre-Treatment Insulin Resistance

91 citations , November 2007 in “European journal of endocrinology”

This study found that metformin improved insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, anovulation, and acne in PCOS patients, regardless of their level of obesity or initial insulin resistance.

research Hair Loss in Women

129 citations , October 2007 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

This article discusses the evaluation and management of a 45-year-old woman with diffuse scalp-hair loss and reports no new clinical findings.

research Relative Prevalence of Different Androgen Excess Disorders in 950 Women Referred Because of Clinical Hyperandrogenism

352 citations , January 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study reported that classic anovulatory PCOS was the most common androgen excess disorder, followed by mild ovulatory PCOS and idiopathic hyperandrogenism, among patients evaluated for clinical hyperandrogenism.

research Hirsutism

271 citations , December 2005 in “New England journal of medicine/The New England journal of medicine”

This article discusses evaluation and treatment options for a 19-year-old woman with slowly progressive hair growth and reports no new clinical findings.

research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Insulin-Resistant Hyperinsulinemia

60 citations , September 2001 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This review discusses the relationship between insulin regulation and hyperandrogenemia in polycystic ovary syndrome, suggesting potential benefits of insulin-lowering treatments for ovarian function but reporting no definitive results for hair-related symptoms.

research Effects of Sex Steroid Deprivation and Administration on Hair Growth and Skin Sebum Production in Transsexual Males and Females

176 citations , August 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

In this study, cross-sex hormone therapy affected hair growth patterns differently, with estrogen reducing hair growth in male-to-female transsexuals and testosterone increasing it in female-to-male transsexuals; however, male typical hair diameters were not fully reached in the latter group after 12 months.