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Glossary Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

hormonal disorder causing irregular periods, excess androgens, and ovarian cysts

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age, characterized by irregular menstrual periods, excess androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries. It can lead to symptoms such as weight gain, acne, and hair thinning or loss (alopecia), and is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

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research Polycystic ovarian syndrome: Correlation between hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and obesity

195 citations , November 2019 in “Clinica Chimica Acta”

This review discusses the interplay of hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, obesity, and their role in polycystic ovary syndrome, but presents no new clinical results.

research Fundamental Concepts and Novel Aspects of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Expert Consensus Resolutions

138 citations , August 2020 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology”

This review discusses expert consensus on PCOS, emphasizing its impacts and supporting evidence-based treatments, while recommending further research into nutraceutical benefits for managing the condition; it reports no new clinical results.

research Spearmint herbal tea has significant anti‐androgen effects in polycystic ovarian syndrome. a randomized controlled trial

90 citations , July 2009 in “PTR. Phytotherapy research/Phytotherapy research”

In this study, spearmint tea significantly reduced testosterone levels and improved self-reported hirsutism in women with PCOS, but did not change objective hair growth scores over the short trial period.

research Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

89 citations , November 2014 in “Medical Clinics of North America”

This article reviews management strategies for PCOS and reports no new clinical results; the authors highlight oral contraceptives, lifestyle modifications, and metformin as key interventions.

research Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

60 citations , May 2018 in “Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine”

This article highlights the lack of attention to the impact of polycystic ovarian syndrome on women's identity, mental health, and quality of life in India without offering new findings.

research Clinician vs Self-ratings of Hirsutism in Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

52 citations , March 2016 in “JAMA dermatology”

This study found that hirsutism significantly negatively impacts quality of life, with self-assessed severity more strongly linked to quality-of-life impact and depressive symptoms than clinician assessments.

research A Comparison of the Hormonal Profile of Early Androgenetic Alopecia in Men With the Phenotypic Equivalent of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Women

47 citations , June 2016 in “JAMA Dermatology”

This study suggests men with early androgenetic alopecia might have hormonal profiles similar to women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, potentially indicating risk for related health complications.

research Diagnostic Criteria for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

45 citations , January 2006 in “Endocrine journal”

To diagnose Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, two out of three signs—irregular periods, high male hormone levels, or cysts on the ovaries—are needed.

research 17-Hydroxyprogesterone Responses to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Disclose Distinct Phenotypes of Functional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

42 citations , September 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study found that women with PCOS who have an exaggerated 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to buserelin exhibit more severe hyperandrogenemia, increased insulin secretion, and reduced insulin sensitivity.

research Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics of cases with polycystic ovarian syndrome based on Rotterdam’s criteria and women whose only clinical signs are oligo/anovulation or hirsutism

38 citations , May 2006 in “Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics”

This study reported that women with PCOS had higher levels of certain hormones and lower SHBG levels compared to non-PCOS women with similar symptoms, highlighting a less favorable endocrine profile in PCOS cases.

research Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Long-Term Health Consequences

34 citations , May 2017 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine”

This review discusses the known morbidities of polycystic ovarian syndrome, highlighting its diverse impacts on women's health, but reports no new research findings.

research Three-dimensional assessment of ultrasound features in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): ovarian stromal volume does not correlate with biochemical indices

29 citations , April 2002 in “Human Reproduction”

This study found an association between total ovarian volume, pre-antral follicle number, total follicular volume, and some biochemical indices of PCOS, but not with ovarian stromal volume.

research Polycystic ovarian syndrome

27 citations , January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology”

This article explores the endocrine functions involved in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome and discusses approaches for diagnosing and managing the condition, with no new clinical results reported.

research Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Clinical, Biochemical, and Molecular Genetic Study

26 citations , August 2014 in “Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers”

This study suggests that the TNF-α system may contribute to hyperandrogenism, obesity, and insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian syndrome, independent of the C850T polymorphism.

research A rational approach to the diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome during adolescence

26 citations , November 2011 in “Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia”

This review highlights that hyperandrogenism is a crucial factor for diagnosing PCOS during adolescence, while traditional criteria like polycystic ovarian morphology may be misleading.

research A use-and-transformation model for evaluating public R&D: Illustrations from polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) research

23 citations , December 2006 in “Evaluation and Program Planning”

This article presents a model for evaluating public R&D that emphasizes measuring capacity-based metrics over traditional outcome-based metrics, using the concept of a Knowledge Value Collective.

research Polycystic ovarian syndrome: Prevalence and impact on the wellbeing of Australian women aged 16-29 years

22 citations , October 2017 in “Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology”

This study found that the prevalence of PCOS among Australian women aged 16-29 was 12% using NIH criteria, with fertility concerns being the most distressing aspect for those diagnosed.

research Ovarian surgery for symptom relief in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

21 citations , November 2017 in “Cochrane library”

This study concluded that laparoscopic ovarian drilling does not clearly improve menstrual regularity or androgenic symptoms in PCOS compared to most medical treatments, but it may have fewer gastrointestinal side effects than metformin plus clomiphene.

research Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms in Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

20 citations , September 2020 in “International journal of computer applications”

This study found that the Random Forest machine learning algorithm achieved the highest accuracy, 96%, in diagnosing Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome using patients' clinical data.

research Prevalence of cervical insufficiency in polycystic ovarian syndrome

20 citations , June 2012 in “Human Reproduction”

This study observed that pregnant women with polycystic ovarian syndrome had a higher prevalence and incidence of cervical insufficiency compared to those without PCOS.

research Ovarian morphology and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in reproductive aged women with or without mild acne

20 citations , June 2010 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

In this study, acne and hirsutism in women were associated with a higher prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome compared to those without these conditions.

research Endocrine and Reproductive Effects of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

18 citations , December 2014 in “Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America”

This study suggests that weight loss can improve fertility outcomes in overweight and obese women with PCOS, and letrozole should be considered the new first-line treatment over clomiphene citrate for anovulatory infertility in this population.

research Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adolescents

16 citations , January 2023 in “Cureus”

This article discusses the characteristics and potential consequences of polycystic ovarian syndrome, including its effects on fertility and risk for other health conditions, but it reports no new findings.

research Age-related differences in the reproductive and metabolic implications of polycystic ovarian syndrome: findings in an obese, United States population

16 citations , April 2012 in “Gynecological Endocrinology”

This study found that older women with polycystic ovarian syndrome are more likely to experience metabolic syndrome and have different metabolic and reproductive profiles than younger women.

research Clinical-exome sequencing unveils the genetic landscape of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) focusing on lean and obese phenotypes: implications for cost-effective diagnosis and personalized treatment

13 citations , October 2024 in “Scientific Reports”

In this study using data from young women in West Bengal, India, the researchers identified that leptin signaling impairment, insulin resistance, and specific gene mutations significantly contribute to PCOS, with obesity commonly manifesting in affected individuals.

research Interventional studies for polycystic ovarian syndrome in children and adolescents

12 citations , January 2010 in “Pediatric Health”

This review discusses treatment strategies for PCOS, focusing on using insulin-sensitizing medications alongside weight reduction and exercise to improve hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism, and reports no new results.

research Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Is It Time to Rename PCOS to HA-PODS?

10 citations , March 2016 in “The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India”

This review proposes renaming polycystic ovarian syndrome to "Hyperandrogenic Persistent Ovulatory Dysfunction Syndrome" to better reflect its diagnostic criteria and promote consistency in research, but reports no new clinical findings.

research Hospital-based prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome among Omani women

9 citations , August 2013 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal”

This study found that the hospital-based prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome among Omani women of reproductive age was 2.8%, similar to rates reported in other countries.

research Serum Zinc Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome are Lower as Compared to Those without Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cohort Study

8 citations , January 2024 in “Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences”

This study found that serum zinc levels were lower in PCOS subjects compared to normal controls, suggesting zinc may play a vital role in PCOS pathophysiology.

research Efficacy of two commonly used potentized homeopathic drugs, Calcarea carbonica and Lycopodium clavatum, used for treating polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients: II. Modulating effects on certain associated hormonal levels

8 citations , February 2016 in “TANG [HUMANITAS MEDICINE]”

This study reported that homeopathic remedies Calcarea carbonica and Lycopodium clavatum were effective in removing ovarian cysts and improving symptoms in some women with PCOS but with limited side-effects.