Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Long-Term Health Consequences

May 2017 in “ Seminars in Reproductive Medicine ”

Temeka Zore, Nikhil Joshi, Daria Lizneva, Ricardo Azziz

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome PCOS endocrinopathy type 2 diabetes mellitus metabolic syndrome nonalcoholic fatty liver disease cardiovascular issues cancer depression anxiety obesity metformin type 2 diabetes fatty liver disease heart issues mental health disorders weight issues Glucophage

Studysummary This review discusses the known morbidities of polycystic ovarian syndrome, highlighting its diverse impacts on women's health, but reports no new research findings.

Our plain-language summary. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer

The document from May 1, 2017, reviews the long-term health consequences of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrinopathy in women. It emphasizes the increased risk of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as cardiovascular issues, certain types of cancer, and mental health disorders like depression and anxiety in women with PCOS. The review also discusses the impact of different PCOS phenotypes and obesity on these risks. It suggests that early diagnosis and treatment, including lifestyle interventions and medications like metformin, could mitigate these long-term morbidities. The economic burden of PCOS is significant, with substantial costs associated with its management. The document concludes that while the etiology of PCOS is not fully understood, appropriate management strategies can help in preventing the progression or severity of the condition.

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Research cited in this study

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research The Prevalence and Phenotypic Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

767 citations , September 2016 in “Human Reproduction”

This review analyzes the reported prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) based on different diagnostic criteria but does not provide new clinical results.

research Comprehensive Overview of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

883 citations , August 2016 in “Nature Reviews Disease Primers”

This review discusses the current understanding of polycystic ovary syndrome, focusing on its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and future research directions, but reports no new clinical results.

Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Correlation with Metabolic Syndrome

research Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Correlation with Metabolic Syndrome

35 citations , May 2015 in “Arquivos De Gastroenterologia”

This study reported that almost 25% of women with PCOS were diagnosed with NAFLD, and 32.7% to 44.6% had metabolic syndrome, with higher prevalence in those with both conditions.

Prevalence of Androgenic Alopecia in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Characterization of Associated Clinical and Biochemical Features

research Prevalence of Androgenic Alopecia in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Characterization of Associated Clinical and Biochemical Features

48 citations , February 2014 in “Fertility and Sterility”

This study found that androgenic alopecia is present in 22% of women with polycystic ovary syndrome and is associated with acne and hirsutism, but not with increased biochemical hyperandrogenemia or metabolic dysfunction beyond PCOS.

research Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

1265 citations , October 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This guideline from the Endocrine Society recommends using the Rotterdam criteria for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome and outlines first-line treatments, emphasizing hormonal contraceptives and lifestyle intervention.

Consensus on Women's Health Aspects of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Amsterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group

research Consensus on Women's Health Aspects of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Amsterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group

1514 citations , December 2011 in “Fertility and sterility”

This consensus report reviews current knowledge and identifies knowledge gaps concerning the various health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome, without presenting new clinical findings.

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Hirsutism: A Consensus Statement by the Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society

research Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Hirsutism: A Consensus Statement by the Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society

378 citations , November 2011 in “Human reproduction update”

This review discusses the epidemiology, causes, diagnosis, and management of hirsutism in women, noting that effective treatment requires addressing the root cause as well as the hair growth.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Complex Condition with Psychological, Reproductive, and Metabolic Manifestations That Impacts Health Across the Lifespan

research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Complex Condition with Psychological, Reproductive, and Metabolic Manifestations That Impacts Health Across the Lifespan

926 citations , June 2010 in “BMC Medicine”

This review emphasizes the need for comprehensive guidelines to address the cardiometabolic and psychological features of polycystic ovary syndrome, alongside its reproductive aspects, and reports no new results.

research Association of Biochemical Hyperandrogenism with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in Chinese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

52 citations , November 2009 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics”

This study found that hyperandrogenemia in Chinese women with PCOS is associated with higher risks of type 2 diabetes and obesity, suggesting it should be prioritized in managing PCOS-related infertility.

research Abdominal Fat Quantity and Distribution in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Relation to Insulin Resistance

270 citations , April 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study found that PCOS patients had higher amounts of central abdominal fat compared to weight-matched controls, which was associated with increased insulin resistance.

Criteria for Defining Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a Predominantly Hyperandrogenic Syndrome: An Androgen Excess Society Guideline

research Criteria for Defining Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a Predominantly Hyperandrogenic Syndrome: An Androgen Excess Society Guideline

1744 citations , August 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This review discusses definitions of polycystic ovary syndrome and reports no new clinical results; the authors support using modified 1990 NIH criteria and acknowledge ongoing evolution as research advances.

research Health Care-Related Economic Burden of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome During the Reproductive Life Span

414 citations , August 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study estimates the total cost of evaluating and treating polycystic ovary syndrome in reproductive-aged women in the United States to be $4.36 billion, suggesting more liberal screening could be beneficial.

research Revised 2003 Consensus on Diagnostic Criteria and Long-Term Health Risks Related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

4809 citations , January 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility”

This review discusses polycystic ovary syndrome, emphasizing its broad range of manifestations and associations with risks like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events, but reports no new clinical results.