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More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.

New treatments for PCOS show promise, but no current medication treats all aspects of the condition.

Women with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia experience more sexual dysfunction and distress.

Patterned hair loss in women is linked to hormonal imbalances and biochemical changes, and should be evaluated for underlying health issues.

Diagnosing and treating PCOS is complex due to differing criteria and requires a team approach.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was first described in 1721, officially diagnosed in the 1990s, and is now known to be partly genetic and linked to insulin resistance, with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and carbohydrate metabolism issues.

PCOS causes infertility mainly due to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation.

Myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin works better than myo-inositol alone for improving symptoms of PCOS.

Normal levels for certain hormones in Chinese women of reproductive age were identified.

Flutamide and finasteride reduced sex hormones in pregnant hyenas, but increased them in males.

Men with Type 2 Diabetes have lower DHT levels, which may affect fertility and lipid profiles.

Post-finasteride patients show changed neuroactive steroid levels, possibly causing erectile dysfunction and depression.

Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.

Women with PCOS have lower ghrelin levels and a weaker response to sugar, which might affect their feeling of fullness and lead to overeating.

Women with PCOS tend to have higher anxiety and depression levels compared to healthy women.

The research found different metabolism changes in PCOS patients and suggested new potential markers for diagnosing PCOS with or without insulin resistance.

Acne is an important sign of androgen excess disorders in women.

Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are drugs that can control the effects of androgens in different tissues, potentially having fewer side effects and promising for treating various conditions.

New treatments for prostate cancer are less toxic and show promise, but more research is needed to enhance their effectiveness and reduce side effects.

Rare adrenal cancers that secrete androgens or estrogens have a poor prognosis and are treated primarily with surgery.

MENT could be a better option than testosterone for male hormone therapy and birth control because it works well at lower doses and has fewer side effects on the prostate.

PRP treatment may promote hair growth and improve hair density in women with AGA, but more research is needed.

The length of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene is linked to ovarian reserve but does not affect how the ovaries respond to stimulation.

A genetic variant in the androgen receptor gene increases heart disease risk in women but not in men.

Platelet-rich plasma is an effective and safe treatment for male pattern hair loss.

Hormonal treatments can help with hair loss, acne, and excess hair growth, but it takes 3-6 months to see results and patients should know the possible side effects.

Most women with excess male hormones have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and hormonal therapy can improve symptoms but may cause side effects.

Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.

Dietary changes, including weight loss and a balanced diet, are important for managing PCOS, especially in overweight women.