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An mFG score of 7 or higher indicates hirsutism in Filipino women, often linked to higher free testosterone levels.

Newer low-dose oral contraceptives with less androgenic effects improve patient compliance.

Managing PCOS is hard because it varies a lot, treatments are limited, and there's a lot of false information online.

Chromium supplements don't improve insulin, hormone levels, or cholesterol in women with PCOS but raise testosterone levels.

The conclusion suggests that PCOS may persist due to genetic traits that, while harmful for female fertility, could have provided survival and reproductive benefits to males.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome are more likely to have cervical insufficiency, especially South Asian and Black women.

Lower lipin 1β in belly fat is linked to insulin resistance in people with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Sexual orientation does not affect the prevalence of PCOS or fertility rates in women undergoing artificial donor insemination.

Oriental herbal medicine with moxibustion may improve pregnancy rates and other symptoms in PCOS, but more high-quality research is needed.

Metformin helped improve the quality of life for Chinese women with PCOS, especially in physical health and symptoms like infertility, acne, and hair loss.

Hormones and genetics play key roles in male and female baldness, which can affect mental health and may be linked to other health issues.

Isotretinoin improves severe acne without changing androgen or insulin levels but may increase body weight and triglycerides.

A combined drug and laser treatment improved hirsutism in a PCOS patient, also enhancing her heart health and requiring regular liver and kidney checks.

Unwanted facial hair significantly impacts over 40% of women's psychological and social well-being, and various treatment options are available.

Electro-acupuncture may help treat PCOS in rats by changing brain DNA methylation.

Larger ovarian size is linked to higher insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is difficult and should focus on specific hormone levels and menstrual irregularities, while also considering treatment for symptoms and related health issues.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of a certain growth factor, which can be reduced by taking metformin.

Increased HSD11B1 enzyme expression is linked to higher body fat and insulin resistance.

Flightless I protein affects hair growth, with low levels delaying it and high levels increasing hair length in rodents.

Taking metformin with intense-pulsed-light therapy improves hair removal for people with PCOS.

The document concludes that low-dose oral contraceptives and hormonal therapies can manage perimenopause symptoms and reduce some health risks, but lifestyle changes and disease screening are also important.

Different diagnostic criteria greatly affect PCOS diagnosis rates in teenagers.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with PCOS and linked to some metabolic problems, but not the main cause of their metabolic issues.

The estradiol valerate/dienogest oral contraceptive helps with heavy periods, may improve acne and symptoms in PCOS, and doesn't affect sexual function.

Older obese women with PCOS have higher cardiovascular and metabolic risks despite lower androgen levels.

A certain gene variant may increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese women.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have a higher risk of certain fractures.

Alfacalcidiol and metformin together lowered testosterone in women with PCOS, but did not significantly improve acne, hair growth, or pregnancy rates.