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Metformin helps manage weight, blood pressure, and hormonal imbalances in PCOS patients.

VEGF helps hair grow and determines follicle size by increasing blood vessel growth.

Blood vessels and specific genes help turn cartilage into bone when bones heal.

South Asian women with PCOS are more likely to have metabolic issues and central obesity, and simple measures like waist size and blood pressure can help identify these risks early.

Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.

Most cases of excessive hair growth in women are caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome and are linked to higher free testosterone levels.

Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.

Low-dose anti-androgen drugs and certain drug combinations are effective for hirsutism, and insulin sensitizers show promise, especially for those with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

The article suggests renaming Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) to "Hyperandrogenic Persistent Ovulatory Dysfunction Syndrome" (HA-PODS) for accuracy and consistency, but no final decision was made.

Heat Shock Proteins are important in the development of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and could be targets for new treatments.

Non-classical 21 hydroxylase deficiency is an underdiagnosed cause of female hair loss and polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Some lesser-known causes of PCOS include autoimmune issues, genetic mutations, and changes in the body's microbiome.

Birth control pills increase the risk of blood clots, especially within the first year and with certain types.

Skin changes in women with PCOS are mainly due to hormonal imbalances.

Men with hormonal imbalances similar to PCOS may have increased risk of metabolic and heart diseases.

Lower vaspin levels in the blood may indicate a better response to fertility treatment in women with PCOS.

High levels of ST14 and TMEFF1 proteins in ovarian cancer are linked to worse patient outcomes and may be a new treatment target.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain blood clotting factors, suggesting a greater risk of cardiovascular issues.

Ocoxin improves quality of life for advanced ovarian cancer patients on chemotherapy.

Anovulatory PCOS patients are younger with longer cycles and higher blood pressure and hormone levels.

A new method can almost perfectly distinguish adenomyosis from similar conditions using blood tests.

Metformin improved menstrual cycle regularity and signs of hyperandrogenism in adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes but did not improve blood sugar control.

Clinical signs of excess male hormones and actual hormone levels in the blood do not always match in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

PCOS is linked to a higher risk of endometrial cancer but not ovarian or breast cancer, and more research is needed on its role in cancer development and treatment effects.

Estrogen helps prevent artery plaque by stopping monocyte capture in blood vessels.

Both treatments reduced androgen levels and hair growth in women with hirsutism.

Orlistat helped reduce weight and testosterone in obese women with PCOS but did not significantly affect other androgens or cholesterol levels.

Different types of androgens bind differently to two receptors, AR1 and AR2, in Atlantic croaker's brain and ovarian tissues, suggesting these receptors may control different androgen actions in fish.

Steroids, particularly estrogens and 5α-reductase inhibitors, affect blood vessel-related hair growth processes in hair follicle cells.

A patient's allergic reaction to clozapine resolved without stopping the medication, showing the importance of blood monitoring.