This study found that 5-alpha reductase inhibitors had the highest association with erectile dysfunction reports among medications analyzed in the FDA's national pharmacovigilance database.
28 citations
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August 2011 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that men with early-onset androgenetic alopecia had significantly larger prostate volumes and lower urinary flow rates compared to healthy controls, suggesting a possible link between AGA and prostate-related urinary symptoms.
99 citations
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August 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” This paper discusses polycystic ovary syndrome with a focus on androgen excess as the primary symptom and notes that insulin resistance may contribute to it in many patients, but provides no new research findings.
2 citations
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August 2021 in “The Journal of Urology” This study reported that seminal vesiculoscopy combined with transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts and balloon dilation effectively resolved hematospermia and improved symptoms in a patient whose condition was unresponsive to medical treatments.
4 citations
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September 2025 in “Biomolecules” This narrative review discusses the mixed and evolving evidence regarding glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and their influence on erectile dysfunction in men with type 2 diabetes and obesity, highlighting potential benefits and concerns yet to be clarified.
32 citations
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October 1999 in “Journal of women's health and gender-based medicine” This study found that women with androgenetic alopecia report various negative impacts on their lives due to hair thinning, highlighting emotional concerns and dissatisfaction with appearance.
April 2012 in “The Journal of Urology” In this study, men using Propecia for alopecia showed normal erectile hemodynamics despite erectile dysfunction after stopping 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, while some BPH patients exhibited abnormal results potentially linked to vascular risk factors.
May 2024 in “Reactions weekly”
20 citations
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October 2017 in “Clinical Endocrinology” This article reviews existing knowledge on postmenopausal hyperandrogenism and highlights diagnostic challenges, reporting no new clinical results.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This study observed improvements in hair loss, acne, and BPH symptoms after addressing vitamin D and progesterone deficiencies in male patients, suggesting the potential benefits of this therapeutic approach.
January 2003 in “Zhonghua shiyan waike zazhi” This study found that androgen is essential for erectile function in rats, and suggests that its effects may be partly mediated through nitric oxide synthase positive neurons in the medial preoptic area.
14 citations
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January 2012 in “Endocrine development” This article reviews the challenges in diagnosing mild hyperandrogenism in adolescent girls, discussing potential causes like PCOS and treatment options, but reports no new clinical results.
3 citations
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January 1988 in “PubMed” This study observed that functional hyperprolactinemia in several women was associated with skin symptoms such as seborrhea, acne, and hair-related issues, resembling androgen-induced conditions.
40 citations
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February 2013 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This study found that people with androgenic alopecia, particularly women, are more prone to anxiety and depression, often adopting avoidant coping strategies, which are linked to emotional and psychological impacts rather than clinical severity.
January 2025 in “JCEM Case Reports” This report describes a 27-year-old patient with Ehler-Danlos syndrome who also presented with hypophosphatasia and mastocytosis, and suggests enzyme replacement therapy might alleviate symptoms in such overlapping genetic conditions.
April 2022 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This study found significant signals of sexual dysfunction associated with finasteride use, particularly in younger patients treated for alopecia, though confounding factors may partly contribute to reported cases.
46 citations
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January 2005 in “PubMed” This paper discusses risk factors and prevention strategies for acute urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia, emphasizing the role of PSA levels and the benefits of medications like finasteride and alpha-blockers, but reports no new clinical results.
November 2025 in “Frontiers in Psychiatry” This study found that individuals with androgenetic alopecia experience significantly higher symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress compared to controls, along with reduced self-esteem and life satisfaction, highlighting the importance of addressing psychological well-being in clinical treatments.
8 citations
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May 2016 in “Indian Journal of Pharmacology” This case report describes an atypical postfinasteride syndrome in a patient treated with both dutasteride and finasteride for androgenic alopecia, highlighting its multisystem involvement and irreversible nature.
2 citations
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May 1999 in “PubMed” This overview discusses the causes and evaluation of hyperandrogenism in Australian women and reviews current management strategies, without presenting new clinical results.
May 2021 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” This article evaluates clinical and scientific literature on post-finasteride syndrome, concluding that finasteride and dutasteride may cause persistent sexual, neurological, and physical adverse side effects in a subset of men.
March 2016 in “Korean Journal of Medicine” This study reported that doxazosin may result in gynecomastia after administration but evidence and expert reviews on this are still lacking domestically.
July 2022 in “Nigerian journal of medicine : journal of the National Association of Resident Doctors of Nigeria” This study found that androgenetic alopecia significantly impairs quality of life among Nigerian patients, especially in areas like emotions, stigmatization, and self-confidence, highlighting the importance of psychosocial support.
January 2025 in “Investigative and Clinical Urology” This study found that after 12 weeks of taking the trial product SHPro®, participants reported improvements in prostate symptom scores and erectile function, with confirmed safety.
January 2024 in “Medicina” This study assessed outcomes and complications of upper-face feminization surgery among 20 transgender patients, highlighting that insufficient browbone reduction was a common issue in prior surgeries, and emphasizing meticulous planning to prevent revisions and dissatisfaction.
October 2013 in “International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology/International journal of pediatric endocrinology” This case report describes a boy with hypothalamic hamartoma experiencing pubertas precox and gelastic seizures, where leuprorelin therapy's effect on pubertas precox was controversial, but valproic acid effectively managed gelastic seizures.
1 citations
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September 2023 in “Prostate International” In this study, a 12-week treatment with Angelicae Gigantis Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix complex was well tolerated and showed therapeutic effects on moderate lower urinary tract symptoms in men.
19 citations
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September 2016 in “Pharmacotherapy” This study found that the risk of persistent sexual dysfunction was higher in men who stopped using finasteride 1 mg compared to omeprazole users.
10 citations
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April 2022 in “BMJ Open” This study found that lower urinary tract symptoms were linked to reduced functional ability in older adults, with distinct associations for nocturia in men and frequency, urgency, and overactive bladder in women.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report describes a 58-year-old woman whose virilization symptoms were linked to a steroid tumor of the ovary, emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment to improve her quality of life.