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Gender identity can be more diverse than just male or female.

The April 2014 issue of "Fertility and Sterility" discussed various reproductive health topics, including hormone therapy benefits, sperm and genetic factors in male infertility, and the link between PCOS and diabetes.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

PSA testing is a reliable method for detecting prostate cancer, and opioids may lower PSA levels, but triglycerides don't affect prostate cancer risk.

Higher urethral PSA levels after prostate removal surgery may be linked to more hair loss and higher PSA levels post-surgery.

Opioid use may lower PSA levels, suggesting a possible role in prostate cancer control; PSA testing is useful for detecting prostate cancer; serum triglycerides are not linked to prostate cancer risk; and higher urethral PSA levels may be associated with local hormone activity.

Serum triglyceride levels are not linked to prostate cancer risk.

Finasteride helps increase or maintain hair in most men but can cause sexual side effects and should not be used by women, especially during pregnancy.

A document listed serious side effects from various drugs, including deaths and diseases, emphasizing the importance of being aware of drug side effects.

Treatment restored normal sexual characteristics and blood condition in a patient with testicular cancer.

Testosterone helps prevent skin damage in males by acting through both estrogen and androgen pathways.

Prostate cancer can progress even with low testosterone due to internal hormone production in the tumor.

Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.

Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.

Finasteride and dutasteride do not significantly change beard thickness in men.

Testosterone replacement therapy helps manage deficiency and has various methods, but requires careful monitoring to avoid side effects.

Hormonal interactions, especially involving DHT and estrogen, play a key role in BPH development and treatment.

SARMs may be an effective treatment for a certain type of breast cancer by blocking cancer growth and spread.

Low androgen levels might delay prostate cancer but could lead to more aggressive, therapy-resistant cancers.

Testosterone can build muscle and bone without enlarging the prostate when a specific enzyme is blocked.

Oral estradiol works for many transgender women but needs personalized dosing and monitoring.

Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.

More research is needed on the health effects of hormone therapy for transgender and nonbinary people.

Long-term use of finasteride and dutasteride can cause serious health issues like diabetes and liver problems.

Lespedeza cuneata extract may help treat enlarged prostate.

Androgens like testosterone may help treat traumatic brain injury by reducing mitochondrial stress and inflammation.

Androgen deprivation therapy doesn't lower the risk of death from COVID-19 in prostate cancer patients.

Medical castration in prostate cancer patients can increase the risk of serious heart rhythm problems, so it's important to monitor heart activity during treatment.

Adding hormone therapy to radiation improves survival for high-risk prostate cancer recurrence but has side effects.