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5-alpha reductase inhibitors, like finasteride and dutasteride, are used for prostate issues, hair loss, and excessive hair growth, may help with COVID-19, but can cause sexual and mental health side effects, and their use in preventing prostate cancer needs more examination.

Eating alfalfa sprouts every day can raise testosterone levels in middle-aged men, but broccoli sprouts don't have this effect.

Sex steroids produced in the hippocampus are crucial for brain functions like memory and learning in rodents.

Testosterone is linked to cardiovascular risk factors and stroke, but its exact role is unclear.

Women may need different blood pressure guidelines than men for heart disease prevention.

Understanding hair follicles through various models can help develop new treatments for hair disorders.

Estrogen can temporarily slow down hair growth but this can be reversed.

Oral estradiol works for many transgender women but needs personalized dosing and monitoring.

CXXC5 is a protein that controls cell growth and healing processes, and changes in its activity can lead to diseases like cancer and hair loss.

Pioglitazone improved insulin sensitivity and altered cortisol metabolism in PCOS patients.

Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.

Wool follicles can grow in a lab with the right nutrients and conditions.

There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.

The document concludes that a systematic approach is crucial to identify causes of androgen excess in women beyond the most common cause, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer, and requires early treatment to manage these risks.

Melasma's causes include genetics, sun exposure, hormones, and oxidative stress, and understanding these can help create better treatments.

Testosterone therapy may slightly increase sexual desire in women with HSDD but lacks broad recommendation due to safety concerns and limited approval.

Cyclosporin extends hair growth in mice, but high-dose corticosteroids block this effect.

PCOS is a condition causing irregular periods, excess male hormones, and infertility, often managed by targeting insulin resistance and specific symptoms.

The 2023 guideline advises a detailed approach for PCOS, focusing on early detection, lifestyle and medical treatments, and managing health risks.

Hormone imbalance is linked to Hidradenitis Suppurativa, a skin condition, and treatments like anti-androgenic therapy and metformin can help. It's also suggested to check patients for insulin resistance and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.

The most common skin problems in perimenopausal women in South India are infections, eczemas, and acne, possibly worsened by external factors and lifestyle practices.

Many men misuse oral contraceptive pills for things like hair growth and muscle gain.

Testosterone and its metabolites have varied effects on different body systems, especially during puberty.

Some hormone treatments might raise breast cancer risk, while others don't seem to.

The document concluded that more research is needed to understand how estrogen affects the enzyme involved in hirsutism development.

Understanding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and its causes can lead to effective treatments.

Non-scarring alopecia in females affects emotional well-being and requires accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment.

Androgenetic alopecia is a common hair loss condition influenced by various factors and linked to psychosocial and cardiovascular issues.