Miscellaneous Exogenous Hormones and Breast Diseases: A Matter of Concern for the Gynecologist

This 2019 review examined the potential links between various exogenous hormones and breast diseases, particularly breast cancer. It suggested that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) might increase the risk of breast cancer, with some studies indicating a dose-response relationship. On the other hand, the use of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system was associated with a decreased risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer, without an increased risk of breast cancer. The review also explored the potential breast cancer risks associated with other hormonal treatments, such as megestrol acetate, ethinyl estradiol, cyproterone acetate, finasteride, dutasteride, and spironolactone, with conclusions varying based on the studies cited.