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Women with female pattern hair loss have higher levels of certain androgens, suggesting increased androgen exposure to hair follicles.

Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.

Chinese women with PCOS have higher androgen levels, which change with age and weight.

Obesity may contribute to female hair loss by increasing male hormone levels that affect hair follicles.

Women with moderate body hair have higher levels of certain hormones and may benefit from treatment that increases sex hormone-binding protein.

The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms, regulating periods, and reducing health risks, with specific medications for fertility and metabolic issues.

Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Testosterone therapy can help women with androgen deficiency by improving energy, sex drive, and bone health with few side effects.

Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.

PCOS symptoms change with age; younger women have higher androgen levels and less metabolic issues, while older women face more metabolic challenges despite milder PCOS symptoms.

FAI values above 6.4 may suggest high androgen levels and increased metabolic risks in Chinese women of reproductive age.

The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.

Early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in teenagers can help prevent more severe adult PCOS.

Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.

The document concludes that accurate measurement of serum androgens is crucial for diagnosing hyperandrogenism.

Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is common but often undiagnosed, and early treatment is important to prevent health problems.

Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.

The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.

Understanding how DHT works is important for diagnosing and treating hormone-related disorders.

5α-Reductase inhibitors do not consistently increase testosterone levels in the blood.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.

Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are drugs that can control the effects of androgens in different tissues, potentially having fewer side effects and promising for treating various conditions.

The document concludes that treatments for female hair loss and excess body hair are available, but managing expectations is important.

The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.