TLDR Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.
The document discussed the multifaceted roles of testosterone in mammals, emphasizing its critical functions in reproductive and non-reproductive systems. Testosterone influenced fetal development, puberty, and adult physiological processes, including sexual differentiation, somatic growth, muscle and bone health, hematopoiesis, and cognitive functions. Its effects were mediated through conversion to active metabolites like dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estradiol. The document also covered the mechanisms of testosterone secretion, transport, and metabolism, and the regulatory role of luteinizing hormone (LH). Additionally, it reviewed testosterone replacement therapies and their benefits and drawbacks, particularly in older men, noting the need for more research to confirm long-term risks and benefits.
309 citations
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June 2001 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause androgen insensitivity, leading to female traits in genetically male individuals.
4 citations
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October 2022 in “Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine” Ficus carica extract improved fertility in rats and may help with certain health conditions.
21 citations
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December 2019 in “PloS one” The rat model showed early perimenopause with regular cycles and low hormones, and late perimenopause with irregular cycles and higher hormone levels.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document explains how male reproductive hormones work and affect the body.
23 citations
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May 1984 in “Journal of the American Geriatrics Society” Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia may be caused by changes in how the body processes male hormones.
June 2001 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Surgery and Aesthetic Dermatology” Finasteride improves hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia.
5 citations
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December 2021 in “Pediatric investigation” Testosterone undecanoate safely and effectively increased penis size in male children with 5-alpha-reductase deficiency.
