January 2018 in “日本薬理学会年会要旨集 =” This study found that high-dose minoxidil, a potassium channel opener, may protect neuronal tissue from damage following transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice.
6 citations
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May 2020 in “Pharmacology Research & Perspectives” This study in rats found that a new hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin formulation of minoxidil reduced the adverse cardiovascular and proliferative effects seen with traditional minoxidil solutions.
4 citations
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September 2015 in “Case Reports” The authors describe a case of syncope in a young man after using high strength topical minoxidil, which resolved when he stopped the treatment, highlighting a rare documented reaction.
January 2008 in “Acta Anatomica Sinica” In this study, minoxidil promoted hair follicle growth in culture by delaying catagen phase onset and possibly inhibiting TGFβ1 overexpression.
May 2025 in “UNESP Institutional Repository (São Paulo State University)” In this randomized clinical trial, minoxidil at 5 mg was not found to be superior to 2.5 mg for treating male androgenetic alopecia over 24 weeks, though the higher dose more frequently caused side effects like pre-tibial edema and dizziness.
28 citations
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September 2019 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” This study found that minoxidil nanoparticles increased drug delivery to hair follicles and improved hair growth more effectively in mice than conventional minoxidil formulations.
September 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Both 2.5 mg and 5 mg doses of oral minoxidil are effective for hair regrowth in men with hair loss.
August 2025 in “International Journal of Scientific Research” This study found that administering 5 mg of oral minoxidil daily for 24 weeks led to a 20.3% increase in hair density among men with androgenetic alopecia, although side effects like hypertrichosis and hypotension were observed.
July 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” The research found that topical maslinic acid stimulates hair growth in mice, comparable to minoxidil, by inducing anagen phase acceleration and activating pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and MAPK; a potential link to cilia activity was also explored.
December 2025 in “Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal” This study developed a nanoemulsion containing Minoxidil, which showed effective stability and significantly increased hair growth rates in pretreated mice, suggesting its potential for treating hair loss.
March 2024 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” This study found that minoxidil nanoparticles significantly increased hair growth in mice compared to commercial minoxidil and rosemary extract, demonstrating improved delivery and follicular uptake.
October 2022 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This article discusses Truman Plus Male Enhancement, a testosterone booster, emphasizing its potential benefits for sexual health and energy, but does not report any new clinical results.
August 2026 in “Pharmaceutics” In this study, radiofrequency microporation significantly improved topical minoxidil delivery and hair regrowth in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia, with minimal systemic exposure compared to oral administration, suggesting it could be a promising needle-free option for topical therapy.
March 2025 in “International Journal of Trichology” This case report describes a 14-year-old female patient with monilethrix who developed female androgenetic alopecia at age 23, and found that oral minoxidil treatment improved her androgenetic alopecia while leaving the underlying structural hair anomalies of monilethrix unchanged.
July 2026 in “Journal of College of Physicians And Surgeons Pakistan” In this randomized controlled trial, researchers found that a 2.5 mg daily dose of oral minoxidil was more effective than a 1 mg dose in improving hair growth parameters in patients with androgenetic alopecia over three months, with both doses being well tolerated.
August 2025 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology” This study formulated a minoxidil nanoemulgel with improved solubilization and skin penetration, demonstrating a high entrapment efficiency and sustained drug release in vitro, which suggests potential improvements in treating androgenetic alopecia compared to conventional formulations.
June 2026 in “Journal of Comprehensive Dermatology” This study reviewed the evidence on minoxidil's effectiveness for androgenetic alopecia, finding that 5% topical minoxidil is the most effective monotherapy for men, while 2% is similarly effective for women. Genetic markers can predict response, and new formulations like foam and gel improve tolerability.
1 citations
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December 2007 in “Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology” This study found that Minoxidil included in triamino alpha-cyclodextrin significantly promoted hair growth in mice, potentially due to its enhanced substantivity on skin.
14 citations
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July 2021 in “Biomolecules” This study found that Centipeda minima extract promotes hair growth by activating Wnt/β-catenin, ERK, and JNK signaling pathways in human hair follicle dermal papilla cells.
February 2026 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” In this narrative review, researchers found preliminary evidence suggesting that minoxidil, both topical and oral, may enhance nail growth and improve nail strength and appearance, though more extensive studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety for this off-label use.
February 2025 in “Clinical & Experimental Dermatology and Therapies” In this randomized trial, oral supplementation with Serenoa repens, pumpkin seed extracts, and cysteine significantly improved the clinical effectiveness of topical 5% minoxidil lotion for treating androgenic alopecia in men and women compared to minoxidil alone, with both treatments being well tolerated.
37 citations
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May 2016 in “JAAD case reports” This abstract describes monilethrix, an autosomal dominant genodermatosis with symptoms like hair fragility and keratosis pilaris, and does not report new experimental results.
December 2023 in “Farmateka” Minoxidil is an effective and safe treatment for common hair loss when applied to the skin, but more research is needed for optimal use.
July 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”
May 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that oral minoxidil 5 mg daily significantly improved hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia, though it may cause minor side effects like hypertrichosis and pedal edema.
3 citations
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May 1994 in “Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics” This study found that minoxidil sulfate stimulates Cl channels, potentially depolarization-activated and outwardly rectifying, in eccrine clear cells, while minoxidil itself stimulates Ca-insensitive K currents.
6 citations
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February 2018 in “PubMed” This study suggests that minoxidil may promote hair growth in androgenetic alopecia by increasing intracellular calcium, which enhances stem cell differentiation, offering insights for new drug development.
January 2025 in “Biomedical Engineering Letters” This study reported that a new polymeric formulation for topical minoxidil delivery in an animal model improved hair growth and hair follicle formation more effectively than minoxidil in PBS, suggesting potential as a future hair loss treatment.
October 2025 in “International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology” This source reviews recent data on topical minoxidil, evaluating its pharmacology, mechanism of action, clinical effectiveness, and side effects in treating hair loss, although its precise mode of action remains unclear.
In this descriptive retrospective study, researchers reported that low-dose oral minoxidil (0.25-5mg/day) for androgenic alopecia demonstrated a good safety profile, with 84.4% of 641 patients experiencing no adverse effects and only 1.4% discontinuing due to side effects that resolved with dose reduction or withdrawal.