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In this study, the authors found that applying hypobaric pressure to the skin significantly increases the transdermal permeation of large molecules by enhancing diffusion, despite the associated skin stretching and hair follicle enlargement not fully explaining this effect.

This study found that fractional laser treatment significantly enhances the penetration and targeting of certain permeants, such as imiquimod and FD, to skin follicles, but not hydroquinone.

This chapter reviews the hair follicle's role in drug and chemical penetration through the skin but does not present new experimental findings.

This review highlights that the combination of ultrasound and microneedles can enhance transdermal drug delivery by using physical and energy-driven mechanisms to improve drug penetration into deeper skin layers, with implications for precision medicine and chronic disease treatments.

This study found that paclitaxel poliglumex induces significantly less and milder alopecia compared with standard taxanes in ovarian and breast cancer patients.

This review discusses recent advancements in using macromolecules for hair loss treatment, highlighting microneedle and nanoparticle delivery systems, tissue-engineered scaffolds for hair follicle regeneration, and artificial skin platforms as drug screening methods.

This study found that applying controlled hypobaric stress to the skin significantly improved the in vitro and in vivo penetration of macromolecules, facilitating enhanced drug delivery.

This study introduces a novel in vitro model for clubfoot fibrosis to enable high-throughput drug screening and found that while the model increased collagen deposition, the antifibrotic drug minoxidil effectively inhibited the expression of collagen cross-linking enzymes.

This review discusses current wound management strategies and examines electrospun nanofibers with biological macromolecules for their potential in tissue engineering and drug delivery, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that a newly constructed composite hydrogel dressing, made from silk fibroin, chitosan, and halloysite, promoted hair follicle neogenesis, angiogenesis tissue regeneration, and scar reduction.

This review discusses iontophoresis, low-frequency ultrasound, and microneedles for enhancing topical drug delivery in dermatological treatments and reports no clinical results; it emphasizes their mechanisms and potential uses.

This review outlines the mechanisms, applications, and development prospects of label-free imaging technologies in transdermal research and reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the current state and potential future of polymer-based microneedles for transdermal drug delivery, without reporting new empirical results; it highlights their applications and existing challenges.

In this study, researchers developed a pH-sensitive dendritic polyglycerol nanogel to measure pH inside hair follicles using an ex vivo porcine ear model, finding that the pH increases from 6.5 at the skin surface to 7.4 in deeper follicle areas, without observed toxicity.

In this study, keratin‐based hydrogels incorporating calcium ions were developed to effectively deliver atorvastatin, showing potential for localized anti‐fibrotic therapy through controlled drug release and maintaining drug bioactivity in vitro, supported by thorough physicochemical and mechanical characterization.

This study found that alginate beads containing monoolein demonstrated promising potential for managing wet wounds by better absorbing excess exudate and delivering adenosine locally, favoring drug localization in damaged porcine skin compared to an aqueous solution without affecting skin viability.

This study demonstrates that massage significantly enhances the follicular targeting of dutasteride-loaded nanocapsules, increasing drug accumulation in hair follicles by up to 5 times.

This study observed that Poria cocos polysaccharides and finasteride both reduced inflammation in chronic nonbacterial prostatitis in rats, but only Poria cocos polysaccharides reversed related changes in the gut microbiota.

In this review, researchers explored thermo-responsive polymers and their applications in nanomedicine, highlighting their role in targeted drug delivery, gene therapy, and imaging, enabled by their temperature-sensitive phase transitions to ensure localized therapeutic action and minimize damage to healthy tissues.

The hydrogel improves hair growth treatment by enhancing drug delivery and promoting follicle repair.

This study developed minoxidil sulphate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles that doubled drug delivery to hair follicles in vitro compared to a control solution, suggesting potential for improved alopecia treatment.

This study found that a microneedle patch containing tofacitinib-loaded nanoparticles significantly increased hair follicle numbers and promoted hair regeneration with less drug compared to daily topical tofacitinib, suggesting it may be an effective strategy for alopecia treatment by reducing dosing frequency and enhancing drug delivery.

This study found that Er–YAG laser treatment significantly enhanced skin absorption and follicular delivery of antialopecia drugs, suggesting a potential laser-assisted approach to treat alopecia.

This review outlines the development, applications, and challenges of microneedle-based drug delivery from 2000-2019, particularly highlighting fabrication techniques, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that some synthesized heterocyclic derivatives showed promising 5α-reductase inhibitor, antiviral, and anti-tumor activities, surpassing several reference drugs in effectiveness.

This review discusses the use of derma rollers for cosmetic purposes and their potential in transdermal drug delivery by summarizing evidence on their design, efficacy, safety, and concerns from preclinical and clinical reports.

This source discusses using stratum corneum ablation as a promising method to enhance transdermal drug delivery by temporarily removing the skin's outermost barrier to improve medication absorption.

This review highlights the need for methodologies to understand and quantify drug penetration into hair follicles as significant drug pathways, noting this area lacks comprehensive articles and reports no new results.

This review discusses the potential of lecithin organogels for improving topical drug delivery and presents no new experimental results; the authors highlight their stability and low skin irritancy as advantages.

This study reports that novel core-ABS nanocarriers efficiently loaded with dexamethasone and finasteride show potential for dermal drug delivery, exhibiting non-toxic interactions with human keratinocyte cells and skin penetration.