January 2020 in “Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society” This study suggests that using nanostructured lipid carriers may improve the targeting of 17-α-estradiol in treating alopecia by improving skin penetration and stability.
July 2025 in “Annals of Medicine” This study describes a planned multicenter randomized controlled trial to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of subdermal gestrinone pellets in patients with deep infiltrative endometriosis-related pelvic pain, but it does not report any findings yet.
164 citations
,
January 2003 in “Drugs” February 1978 in “PubMed” This article reviews hair loss associated with oral contraceptive use and suggests that while diffuse effluvium is usually harmless, androgenetic alopecia caused by certain contraceptive types requires a change in medication; no new clinical results are reported.
This review discusses contraceptive options for adolescent girls, highlighting potential recommendations and contraindications, and reports no new clinical findings.
This article reviews the contraceptive agent Depo-Provera, discussing its effectiveness, potential side effects, and safety concerns, but reports no new clinical results.
2 citations
,
August 2017 in “Drug and therapeutics bulletin” This article reviews various updates in dermatology, including drug safety alerts and treatment options, and reports no new clinical results.
October 2022 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” This study found that GnRH-a treatment or orchiectomy, which required significantly lower doses of oral estradiol valerate, were more effective than anti-androgens like spironolactone and finasteride in achieving target hormone levels in transgender females in India.
9 citations
,
December 1987 in “European journal of endocrinology” In this study, 12 months of cyproterone acetate and ethinyl oestradiol treatment significantly reduced hair growth rate and certain hormone levels in hirsute women, though hair density and prolactin levels remained unchanged.
August 2024 in “Medicine” This study found that medroxyprogesterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol with drospirenone were the most frequently prescribed medications for PCOS, with some patients experiencing drug changes or discontinuation due to side effects or therapeutic failure.
September 2021 in “GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS” This study found that combined hormonal contraceptives containing ethenyl estradiol and cyproterone acetate improved acne, hirsutism, menstrual irregularity, and dysmenorrhea in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome, with most participants showing significant symptom improvement after 6 to 12 months.
September 2023 in “Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College/Journal Rawalpindi Medical College” This study found that oral contraceptive pills containing cyproterone acetate and drospirenone were more effective at reducing hirsutism in women with PCOS than those containing levonorgestrel over a 6-month period.
26 citations
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February 2009 in “Drug Development Research” This article reviews the potential neuroprotective effects of 17α‐estradiol in neurodegenerative diseases and highlights its possibly lower toxicity compared to more feminizing hormones, but it reports no new clinical findings.
2 citations
,
February 2023 in “F&S Reports” This study found that elagolix treatment did not normalize the ovulatory cycle in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
3 citations
,
January 1985 in “PubMed” This review discusses the complex dermatological effects of oral contraceptives, including both hormonal benefits and potential toxicities, but reports no new clinical results.
4 citations
,
January 1991 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology” This study found that both spironolactone with Ovysmen and cyproterone acetate with ethinyloestradiol significantly reduced hair growth in hirsute women, with no difference in effect between treatments.
1 citations
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November 2011 in “Open access journal of contraception” This article reviews the role of androgens and oral contraceptives in acne pathogenesis and management but presents no new clinical results.
16 citations
,
July 2002 in “JOGC/Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” This review discusses treatments for female acne, highlighting the effectiveness of low-dose oral contraceptives and noting their similar side effects to placebo; it reports no new clinical results.
December 2006 in “Annales D Endocrinologie” This article reviews clinical and treatment aspects of hyperandrogenism in women, emphasizing the roles of diagnostic practices, combined oral contraceptives, and cyproterone acetate, but introduces no new findings.
11 citations
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January 1980 in “PubMed” This article reviews various side effects and concerns related to oral contraceptives, including potential vascular complications and elevated plasma cortisol levels, but reports no new clinical results.
November 2008 in “Pediatrics in Review” This review summarizes recent developments in oral contraceptive pills and other contraceptive methods, highlighting advances in formulations and delivery systems to improve efficacy and user compliance.
74 citations
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April 2002 in “PubMed” This study found that the oral contraceptive containing drospirenone (EE/DRSP) was as effective as EE/CPA in reducing acne lesions, sebum production, and hair growth in women with acne.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estetrol may help prevent hair loss and support hair growth in women.
3 citations
,
January 2018 in “Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” This study compared letrozole and clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and found that while clomiphene led to more follicles, monofollicular development and endometrial thickness were higher with letrozole, and pregnancy rates did not significantly differ between the two treatments.
March 2024 in “BMC women's health” This study found that free testosterone levels were 29% higher with the levonorgestrel implant than with the DMPA injection, which may impact sexual function, mood, and side effects like acne.
11 citations
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December 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This letter highlights that levonorgestrel intrauterine devices may lead to fewer systemic side effects, like acne, compared to its oral administration due to lower systemic levels of progestogens.
This article suggests using oral contraceptives with antiandrogenic properties for women with virilization symptoms like acne and advises higher doses of antiandrogens for severe acne, androgenic alopecia, or idiopathic hirsutism.
67 citations
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January 2007 in “Climacteric” This article discusses the impact of estrogens on skin aging, highlighting the potential benefits and unresolved effectiveness of alternatives like phytoestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators; it reports no new clinical results.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This study found that estradiol transdermal patches helped many MTF patients achieve target estrogen levels, especially those who could not reach these levels with oral therapy and those at higher thrombotic risk.
22 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This review discusses the role of contraceptives in dermatology, particularly for acne treatment and managing patients on teratogens, but reports no new clinical results.