Depo-Provera: An Injectable Contraceptive

Depo-Provera, an injectable contraceptive containing medroxyprogesterone acetate, was primarily effective by preventing ovulation and altering cervical mucus, ovum transport, and endometrial conditions. Administered as a 150 mg injection every 3 months, it was as effective as the combined oral pill and more effective than the progestogen-only pill or IUD. However, it had numerous side effects, including menstrual disorders, fluid retention, nausea, hair loss, and potential long-term issues like delayed fertility return and cancer. Its use was controversial due to safety concerns, including carcinogenic potential observed in animal trials, leading to its ban in the U.S. The document suggested that Depo-Provera should only be used as a last resort and not as a long-term contraceptive, advocating for research into safer alternatives.