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BM-PHA is as effective and safe as Restylane Perlane for improving nasolabial folds with minor side effects.

Dermoscopy can help diagnose tinea capitis in children by looking for comma hairs, black dots, and broken hairs with white bands.

Keratin proteins are crucial for hair structure and strength.

Certain mutations in a hair growth-related gene cause a type of genetic hair loss.

Methotrexate treats various disorders by inhibiting DNA synthesis, but careful monitoring is needed to avoid toxicity and manage side effects.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

There are many treatments for permanent hair loss disorders, but their effectiveness varies and there's no clear best option.

Genetics and hormones play a role in male and female hair loss, but more research is needed to fully understand it.

Inherited ichthyoses cause widespread skin scaling and thickening due to gene mutations.

Minoxidil helps hair cells live longer and grow longer.

Sox2-positive dermal papilla cells have unique characteristics and contribute more to skin and hair follicle formation than Sox2-negative cells.

European guidelines recommend regular eye and ear exams, skin care, vitamin D supplements, and cautious use of medications for managing congenital ichthyoses.

Multiphoton microscopy is a promising tool for detailed skin imaging and could improve patient care if its challenges are addressed.

High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.

HIV can cause various severe or unusual skin conditions that help indicate the presence and stage of the disease.

Tofacitinib was effective in treating hair loss in two patients with alopecia universalis.

Different hair protein amounts change the strength of keratin/chitosan gels, useful for making predictable tissue engineering materials.

Oral valganciclovir improved a patient's skin condition caused by immunosuppression.

Beard and scalp hair cells have different gene expressions, which may affect beard growth characteristics.

DHT's role in hair loss is important, but measuring its level for diagnosis is questionable.

Thai people's hair density decreases with age and varies by scalp area, but hair thickness stays the same regardless of age or scalp area.

Menopause affects hair and skin; more research needed for treatment.

Researchers found genetic mutations causing hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in 88% of studied patients and identified new mutations and genetic variations affecting the disease.

The document concludes that treating tough skin disease in lupus involves sun protection, steroids, antimalarials, and various other therapies chosen based on individual risks and benefits.

Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.

Hair disorders are caused by a complex mix of biology, genetics, hormones, and environmental factors, affecting hair growth and leading to conditions like alopecia.

Early hair loss may indicate prostate issues.

Scientists identified three genes important for processing certain brain chemicals, thyroid hormones, and medications.

Alopecia areata, a type of hair loss, is likely an autoimmune disease with a genetic link, but its exact cause is still unknown.

Mesenchymal stromal cells may help treat severe COVID-19, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness.