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Testosterone with finasteride improved muscle and bone health in men with spinal cord injury.

Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.

Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.

Higher testosterone levels can increase the risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes in women and prostate cancer in men, but can also protect against autoimmune diseases and hair loss. It also affects body fat and bone density.

Androgens increase muscle mass by promoting myoblast growth through ornithine decarboxylase.

Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.

MK-0773 safely increased muscle mass but did not improve muscle strength or function in elderly women with sarcopenia.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have similar effects on body composition and metabolic health in men.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.

Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.

Managing oxidative stress might help treat low testosterone and related chronic diseases in aging men.

Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Two new compounds were found to build bone and muscle without affecting reproductive organs and skin oil glands.

Nandrolone and oxandrolone could help treat male health issues like muscle loss and low testosterone.

Boosting mitochondrial energy production with supplements like acetyl-L-carnitine may improve aging-related cellular function and health conditions.

Gene therapy shows promise for enhancing physical traits but faces ethical, safety, and regulatory challenges.

Bolandiol, a synthetic steroid, builds muscle and bone without greatly affecting sex glands, and works differently from other hormones.

Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.

Finasteride can cause muscle pain and high creatine kinase levels, but stopping the medication may resolve symptoms.

GLP-1 receptor agonists help with weight loss but need to be combined with other treatments for best results.

The Protein-Sparing Modified Fast is effective for rapid weight loss and maintaining it, but requires medical supervision and can have side effects.

Retinoic acid affects male and female muscle energy use and function differently.

Young women in West Bengal, India, with PCOS often have estrogen resistance, leptin receptor issues, folate deficiency, T2DM, and acanthosis, commonly linked to obesity.

Creatine monohydrate is safe and effective for muscle recovery and performance, especially for those with low creatine levels.

Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.