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Different species and human skin models vary in their skin enzyme activities, with pig skin and some models closely matching human skin, useful for safety assessments and understanding the skin's protective roles.

The conclusion suggests that prostate cancer should be classified by castration status and that new therapies targeting androgen receptor signaling show promise.

Cosmetics and procedures can cause eye issues, from mild discomfort to serious conditions, due to allergies, toxins, or poor care.

Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.

These drugs raise prostaglandin-like material in dog blood, possibly causing blood vessel widening.

Vitamin D3 can help improve hair growth by enhancing the function of specific skin cells and could be useful in hair regeneration treatments.

Spironolactone is better than placebo for reducing excessive hair growth in women, but its effectiveness for acne is unclear due to small study sizes.

Oral retinoids are effective for treating severe skin disorders but have reversible side effects and risks for pregnant women.

The document says that understanding the causes of PCOS is important for treatment, especially in distinguishing the syndrome from just having cystic ovaries, and that losing weight is key for obese women with PCOS.

Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.

Gastric exclusion surgery caused major weight loss and health improvements but led to some anemia and vitamin deficiencies.

Finasteride improves hair growth and reduces hirsutism in women, but side effects and optimal dosages need further research.

Skin infections in cats are more common than thought, often affect young cats with allergies, and need better treatments.

FPHL causes hair loss in women due to genetics and hormones; minoxidil and anti-androgens are treatments, and early intervention is advised.

The Brazilian Society of Dermatology agrees that oral isotretinoin is effective for acne and other skin conditions, and it's safe when monitored, but more research is needed on dosing and duration.

Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.

Hydroxychloroquine showed some potential, but overall, the three drugs had limited success in treating lupus in dogs.

Unwanted facial hair significantly impacts over 40% of women's psychological and social well-being, and various treatment options are available.

Effective hirsutism management requires identifying the cause, combining new and traditional treatments, and setting realistic expectations for patients.

A new gel containing minoxidil can treat hair loss effectively, potentially reducing side effects and improving treatment.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

FCE 28260 is a stronger and longer-lasting inhibitor of 5α-reductase than finasteride, which may make it a better treatment for certain medical conditions.

The document explains various skin conditions in cats and how to diagnose and treat them.

Vitamin D made by the skin plays a role in immune defense and skin health, and more research is needed to understand its full effects.

International medical graduates outperformed U.S. graduates on an internal medicine exam.

International medical graduates outperformed U.S. graduates on an internal medicine exam.

Researchers found that most genes affecting drug responses are not fully covered by commercial SNP chips, suggesting the need for more comprehensive tools to optimize drug selection based on genetics.

The new gel improves skin delivery of a drug, potentially reducing dose frequency and side effects.

Hirsutism in women often indicates a hormonal imbalance and can be managed with a combination of hormonal treatments and hair removal methods.

Combining mood stabilizers with antipsychotics is more effective for treating children with bipolar disorder than using mood stabilizers alone.