19 citations,
April 2018 in “Clinical cardiology” Older men with low levels of a testosterone byproduct had a higher chance of developing an irregular heartbeat.
204 citations,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
166 citations,
October 2018 in “Endocrine Reviews” Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.
90 citations,
October 1998 in “Animal Reproduction Science” Mouflon rams mature gradually with changes in body, horns, and hormones linked to age and seasons, reaching full sexual maturity well after puberty.
19 citations,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
11 citations,
September 2020 in “OncoTargets and Therapy” Dihydrotestosterone increases growth and spread of human brain cancer cells, and blocking its formation might help treat this cancer.
53 citations,
December 2015 in “JAMA Dermatology” Women with PCOS often have more body hair, acne, and skin darkening, and these signs are linked to metabolic issues like insulin resistance and high cholesterol.
50 citations,
March 2001 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Genes and hormones cause hair loss, with four genes contributing equally.
39 citations,
November 1978 in “Annals of internal medicine” Spironolactone may help reduce excessive hair growth in women with high male hormone levels.
34 citations,
December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care” Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.
25 citations,
June 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Human sebaceous glands contain enzymes that affect androgen production and may influence sebum production and acne.
9 citations,
April 1993 in “Journal of the National Cancer Institute” Interleukin-2 treatment improved hair growth, sexual function, and reduced fungal infection in a patient with thymoma-related symptoms.
3 citations,
June 2017 in “Reproductive biomedicine online” A certain mutation in the fetal alpha 5-reductase gene is linked to a higher risk of late miscarriage.
2 citations,
July 2018 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Common latent viruses might contribute to male-pattern baldness by disrupting cell processes that normally suppress hair loss-related proteins.
January 2022 in “World journal of pharmaceutical sciences” Many women with polycystic ovarian disease show symptoms like excessive hair growth, acne, hair loss, and have high levels of certain hormones.
December 2015 in “Вестник дерматологии и венерологии” Men with male pattern baldness may not have different hormone levels, but their hair follicles are likely more sensitive to hormones.
9 citations,
January 2014 in “Medical Hypotheses” Higher DHT in male baldness may protect against prostate cancer.
July 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Hair analysis can somewhat track past testosterone levels but is influenced by factors like hair washing, growth rate, sex, and hair color.
April 2022 in “Diabetes Therapy” Low testosterone does not prevent prostate cancer in men with type 1 diabetes.
104 citations,
March 2014 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” DHT may increase the risk of heart disease and death in elderly men.
10 citations,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
5 citations,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
September 2023 in “Scientific reports” Segmental hair analysis can track testosterone over time but needs adjustments for sex, hair color, and washing frequency.
22 citations,
August 2011 in “Endocrine Practice” Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.
July 2019 in “Mayo Clinic proceedings” The man's fatigue and erectile dysfunction were improved by treating his obesity-related low testosterone without needing testosterone replacement.
23 citations,
June 2015 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” Researchers found potential urine markers for polycystic ovary syndrome, including testosterone-glucuronide and 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, which may help diagnose the condition.
17 citations,
August 2019 in “Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases” Low testosterone in men is a risk factor for a specific heart rhythm issue, and testosterone treatment may help prevent it.
1 citations,
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual function in women but long-term safety is unclear.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help with androgen deficiency in women but should be used with caution and monitoring due to potential risks.
Women with androgenetic alopecia (hair loss) have normal prostate specific antigen levels but higher testosterone levels.