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Segmental hair analysis can track testosterone over time but needs adjustments for sex, hair color, and washing frequency.

Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.

The man's fatigue and erectile dysfunction were improved by treating his obesity-related low testosterone without needing testosterone replacement.

Researchers found potential urine markers for polycystic ovary syndrome, including testosterone-glucuronide and 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, which may help diagnose the condition.

Low testosterone in men is a risk factor for a specific heart rhythm issue, and testosterone treatment may help prevent it.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual function in women but long-term safety is unclear.

High testosterone levels can harm fertility by disrupting the LIF signaling pathway in the uterus.

Testosterone therapy can help with androgen deficiency in women but should be used with caution and monitoring due to potential risks.

Women with androgenetic alopecia (hair loss) have normal prostate specific antigen levels but higher testosterone levels.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

DHT, a testosterone byproduct, causes male pattern baldness.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.

Finasteride reduces testosterone conversion, progesterone lessens this, and levamisole enhances finasteride's effect.

CBD may help restore hair growth-related protein levels in alopecia caused by hormones or other factors.

More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

Some medications can help increase sexual desire and function in women.

The document concludes that understanding health requires considering evolutionary perspectives on reproductive fitness, and recognizing the complexity of factors like diet, testosterone, and sexual orientation.

Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire but needs more safety research and should be used with estrogen therapy.

Pregnant women with PCOS have higher levels of Neurokinin B in the placenta, especially with female babies.

Castration and finasteride lower urinary oxalate in male rats, potentially treating urolithiasis.

The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.

Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.

The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

Hormonal therapies, like flutamide and cyproterone acetate, are safe and effective for treating adult women's acne, especially those with hormone imbalance or resistant acne.

Saw palmetto supplements may reduce prostate cancer cell growth without being toxic.

Diagnosing and managing PCOS in teens is hard, but early diagnosis and lifestyle changes are key, and more research is needed for long-term health.

A postmenopausal woman's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a hormone-producing ovarian tumor.

A girl with Denys-Drash syndrome was misdiagnosed due to biotin affecting her hormone test results.

Most transgender patients getting laser hair removal before gender-affirming surgery are already on hormone therapy, which might affect the hair removal process.

A woman's adrenal tumor disappeared after treatment with cyproterone acetate.