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This review discusses the use of topical and intralesional corticosteroids for treating alopecia areata, highlighting their efficacy and safety but noting recurrence and pain as limitations; no new clinical results are reported.

In this study using mouse models, researchers found that elevated IL-17a in aged olfactory epithelium impairs olfactory function, while IL-17a inhibition promotes regeneration and mitigates age-related decline.

This study found that in patients with Alopecia Areata, CD27 and IL-35 levels were significantly higher in those with bacterial infections, suggesting they may be useful as immunological biomarkers.

This study found that in Lichen Planopilaris, the Microbacteriaceae family was negatively correlated with IL-23 expression, suggesting a role in the disease's inflammation and microbiota composition.

This study identified key genetic regions associated with alopecia areata, highlighting both acquired and innate immune involvement, with a novel link to the upregulation of ULBP ligands in autoimmune disease.

This study found that variations in the IL16 gene, specifically SNPs rs17875491 and rs11073001, may be associated with increased risk and phenotype expression of alopecia areata in the Korean population.

This study suggests that Silybum marianum flower extract may promote hair growth and reduce hair loss by increasing proliferation and VEGF production in dermal papilla cells and suppressing cell senescence.

This study identified 1277 genomic regions selected for traits in indigenous Chinese goats, including cashmere fiber, reproduction, size, and high-altitude adaptation, revealing key candidate genes for these phenotypes through whole-genome resequencing.

In this study, yeast fermentation of Platycladus orientalis leaves was shown to enhance hair growth-promoting properties by affecting cell cycle phases in human dermal papilla cells, increasing growth factor VEGF, reducing inflammatory factor TGF-β1, and altering the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related genes.

This study found that proretinal nanoparticles, applied topically, are safe and effective for penetration into hair follicles, enhancing retinoid biological activity in the skin while reducing irritation compared to conventional retinal formulations.

This study found that patients with alopecia areata and their healthy family members had elevated levels of Th1- and Th17-related cytokines, suggesting a genetic link in cytokine dysregulation.

This study found that specific gene upregulations and mutations in hidradenitis suppurativa skin support the role of inflammation, altered epithelial differentiation, and metabolism dysregulation in the disease's pathogenesis.

This study found that in male rats, chronic finasteride treatment reduced allopregnanolone levels, which, upon drug withdrawal, correlated with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and altered neurotransmitter levels.

The study suggests that a 3D culture system using the RAD16-I peptide scaffold can help restore the original phenotype of hair follicle dermal papilla cells and support their osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation.

This systematic review identified several factors contributing to increased cardiovascular risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, including insulin resistance, obesity, inflammation markers, and microbiota alterations linked to elevated trimethylamine-N-oxide levels.

This study found that ingesting Lactobacillus paracasei HY7015 and Lycopus lucidus Turcz. extract promoted hair regrowth and follicle maturation in mice by enhancing cytoprotective effects and growth factor expression.

This study found that Camellia seed cake extract may counteract DHT-induced effects in cultured dermal papilla cells, suggesting potential to prevent or alleviate androgenetic alopecia.

This review highlights emerging evidence that chemotherapy-induced alopecia may be driven by immune mechanisms similar to alopecia areata, involving hair follicle immune privilege collapse, and evaluates Janus kinase inhibitors as potential treatments, while cautioning about their immunosuppressive risks in cancer patients.

This review highlights that alopecia areata is characterized by three immune endotypes, and while JAK inhibitors offer temporary control, upcoming multi-omics diagnostics and immune reprogramming strategies may achieve longer-lasting remission, according to this analysis.

In this review, researchers conclude that immune imbalance between regulatory and cytotoxic T cells, along with activation of IFN-γ–MHC and IL-15–NK pathways, disrupts hair follicle immune privilege, suggesting pivotal mechanisms in alopecia areata development and potential targets for immunotherapeutic interventions.

In this study, subcutaneous recombinant human IL-12 showed a 43% partial response rate in early-stage mycosis fungoides patients refractory to previous treatments, with generally mild to moderate adverse events reported.

This study found increased IL-18 levels in the endometrium of women with polycystic ovary syndrome, especially in those who are overweight, suggesting a link with body mass index.

This study reports that some human cell surface HLA-I molecules (including HLA-B27) can appear without their usual peptide component, potentially altering immune interactions, influencing arthritis development in specific mice models, and exhibiting upregulation in certain cancer cells.

This review explores the complex factors involved in alopecia areata, such as immune and genetic influences, and discusses advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, while reporting no new clinical results.

This study highlights rapid advances in alopecia areata treatment following the identification of genetic variants associated with increased disease risk, suggesting potential for precision medicine approaches.

This study found a significant overlap between gene expression signatures of alopecia areata and certain chronic inflammatory skin disorders, suggesting shared biological processes may drive their co-occurrence and providing a foundation for future research into distinct comorbid subtypes.

This review paper discusses the effectiveness of repurposed drugs and potential novel therapies for treating COVID-19, highlighting remdesivir as the only FDA-approved medication and listing others with Emergency Use Authorization.

This review discusses immune pathways involved in alopecia areata and explores emerging, more targeted therapeutic strategies, noting their potential for better safety and effectiveness compared to traditional immune suppressants.

IL-6 contributes to hair loss by shortening the growth phase and causing hair follicles to regress.

This article reviews the role of IL-17 in inflammatory skin disorders and highlights its potential therapeutic targeting in both neutrophilic and lymphocyte-mediated conditions, reporting no new experimental results.