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Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

Ovarian SAHA syndrome makes women with PCOS more resistant to insulin and increases their risk of blood sugar problems.

Cognitive behavioral strategies help women with PCOS make lifestyle changes to improve their health.

Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.

The research found that MRI and certain hormone levels can help tell apart ovarian tumors from hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, but tissue analysis is still needed for a definite diagnosis.

The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

High levels of TNF-α may contribute to obesity and insulin resistance in PCOS, but not due to the C850T genetic variation.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers should focus on signs of excess male hormones and not rely solely on ovarian ultrasound or irregular periods, and should be reassessed in adulthood.

Hormonal therapy is a treatment option for acne, the only medical treatment for hirsutism, and the most promising for androgenetic alopecia.

Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

The document says menstruation is important for women's health, discusses menstrual disorders, and suggests personalized treatment options.

Effective hirsutism management requires identifying the cause, combining new and traditional treatments, and setting realistic expectations for patients.

The document describes a treatment for excessive hair growth in a teenage girl using medication and birth control, but does not report the results.

Taiwanese women with PCOS experience different symptoms based on age, with younger women facing more hormone imbalances and older women dealing with more metabolic issues.

A certain gene variant may increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese women.

Menopausal acne is treated with medications and lifestyle changes, but careful choice is needed due to side effects.

The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.

The document concludes that treating female hair loss should target reducing excess androgen and blocking its effects on hair follicles, with the best treatments being hormonal therapy, adrenal suppression, and topical minoxidil.

Early treatment and lifestyle changes are important for managing PCOS in young people to prevent long-term health issues.

New treatments for skin and hair disorders in women of color address unique biological differences and include specific acne medications, sunscreens, skin lighteners, and hair care adjustments.

The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms and reducing long-term metabolic risks, with lifestyle changes being important.

The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.

Women with persistent acne and high levels of antimullerian hormone are more likely to have polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.

Some conditions mimic PCOS symptoms and need careful diagnosis to treat potentially serious health issues.

Hormonal therapies are safe and effective for treating acne in female adolescents, with specific treatments for those with endocrine disorders.

Blood tests can detect ovarian Leydig cell tumors when scans don't, and surgery can confirm and treat these tumors.

Fluridil promotes hair growth safely and effectively for androgenetic alopecia.

Hair loss is linked to insulin resistance in women, regardless of hormone levels.