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Different species and human skin models vary in their skin enzyme activities, with pig skin and some models closely matching human skin, useful for safety assessments and understanding the skin's protective roles.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

The enzyme CD73 helps control human hair growth and could be targeted to treat hair growth disorders.

Wnt signaling is crucial for skin wound healing and reducing scars.

SHED-CM can reduce hair graying and protect against damage from X-rays.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

The document concludes that a complete skin restoration biomaterial does not yet exist, and more clinical trials are needed to ensure these therapies are safe and effective.

Removing a testosterone-producing tumor cured a woman's sleep apnea and other symptoms.

A natural steroid in the body may protect against eye damage in glaucoma.

UVB exposure in human skin causes macrophages to produce more IL-10 and less IL-12, leading to immunosuppression.

Scientists identified three genes important for processing certain brain chemicals, thyroid hormones, and medications.

Intense pulsed light treatment mainly damages pigmented hair parts but spares stem cells, allowing hair to regrow.

Hair analysis for stress and reproductive hormones in wildlife needs more research for accuracy across species.

Prolactin affects the production of different keratins in human hair, which could lead to new treatments for skin and hair disorders.

Autophagy is important for human hair growth and health.

Using a drug to activate bone marrow stem cells can help the liver regenerate and function better after major surgery in rats.

Fluorescence can effectively measure acne treatment progress.

Hair analysis can show changes in vitamin D levels over time.

Both genetic and lifestyle factors significantly affect female hair loss.

IL-15 helps protect hair follicles from immune attacks and encourages hair growth.

New method uses hair follicle cells to estimate human body clock phase, potentially improving sleep disorder diagnosis.

Hair color and length affect metabolite profiles in hair, so they should be considered in hair analysis.

New UVA-responsive nanocapsules effectively kill microorganisms in hair follicles when activated by light.

Certain metabolites are lower in women with PCOS and could be potential markers for the condition.

Vitamin D receptor can control the hairless gene linked to hair loss even without vitamin D.

Local injections of nanosized rhEPO can speed up skin healing and improve quality after deep second-degree burns.

The peptide GHK-Cu helps heal and remodel tissue, improves skin and hair health, and has potential for treating age-related inflammatory diseases.

Melatonin receptors, found in many body parts, can help treat various diseases like depression and diabetes due to their effects on inflammation, tumor progression, sleep disorders, and body mass regulation.

All five human steroid 5α-reductase enzymes are found in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Activating Nrf2 protects human hair follicles from oxidative stress and helps prevent hair growth inhibition.