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This study assessed outcomes and complications of upper-face feminization surgery among 20 transgender patients, highlighting that insufficient browbone reduction was a common issue in prior surgeries, and emphasizing meticulous planning to prevent revisions and dissatisfaction.

This review of facial feminization surgery literature suggests it is generally safe and satisfactory for patients, though more research is needed to establish best practices and quality-of-life outcomes.

This article discusses current methods in facial feminization surgery for transsexual women and reports no new clinical results, focusing instead on various surgical techniques used to feminize facial features.

This study suggests 5α‐androstan‐3α‐17β‐diol may be the true inducer of kidney enzymes in certain mice, while its induction mechanism likely involves pinocytosis rather than a receptor protein.

This study found a direct correlation between the testicular feminization gene and decreased androgen receptor activity, potentially explaining the androgen insensitivity in affected individuals.

This paper reviews the evolution and classification of forehead reduction and orbital contouring techniques in transgender females, but reports no new clinical findings.

This study observed that facial feminization surgery significantly improved facial appearance and alleviated gender dysphoria among Chinese transgender females, with all patients expressing satisfaction post-surgery.

This review discusses changes and advancements in facial feminization surgery, detailing various aspects of the field but reporting no new clinical results; the authors highlight ongoing innovations and challenges.

The document concludes that individualized Facial Feminization Surgery plans and comprehensive care are crucial for successful outcomes.

In this study, patients with testicular feminization syndrome showed limited anabolic responsiveness to dihydrotestosterone, potentially due to reduced affinity of nuclear receptor sites for androgenic steroids rather than defective testosterone conversion.

In this study, older age was found to predict lateral hairline recession in TGNB AMAB individuals, while each year of feminizing hormone therapy in patients over 30 also predicted a decrease in lateral forehead length by 0.07 cm.

This research highlights that lip feminization, an essential aspect of facial feminization surgeries for transgender women, lacks dedicated studies, underscoring a significant gap in understanding and optimizing this procedure for gender expression.

The document recommends a multidisciplinary approach and experience sharing to advance facial feminization surgery as a medical field.

In this study, facial feminization surgeries were found to be effective and generally safe, significantly enhancing feminine appearance in patients, with minimal major complications reported.

This review discusses nonsurgical techniques for facial masculinization and feminization in transgender patients and reports no new clinical findings, utilizing data from analogous procedures in cisgender individuals.

This review found limited evidence on the effectiveness of different antiandrogens for feminization in transgender women, suggesting cyproterone acetate, leuprolide, and medroxyprogesterone acetate may better suppress testosterone than spironolactone or estradiol alone.

This review addresses the preoperative considerations and surgical techniques for facial feminization, focusing on facial areas such as the forehead, orbits, and nose, and outlines literature on patient-reported outcomes after such procedures.

This review examines existing plastic surgery techniques for gender affirmation of the lower extremities, noting a lack of outcomes-based literature needed to establish best practices.

This case report identifies a novel association between Graham Little–Piccardi–Lassueur syndrome and complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, suggesting the influence of androgens in the alopecias accompanying the former may be limited.

This chapter discusses the role of orthognathic surgeons in facial feminization surgery, focusing on procedures such as forehead reduction and orbital rim contouring, but reports no new clinical results.

This study reports that transdermal exposure to owners' topical hormone replacement therapy caused alopecia in six dogs, but the condition resolved after the therapy was discontinued.

This review discusses spironolactone's dermatologic applications, particularly for conditions like hirsutism and female pattern hair loss, but reports no new results; it also highlights safety concerns in pregnancy and men.

This study found that treatment with the pure antiandrogen Flutamide did not affect the estrous cycle or plasma levels of most hormones in female rats, supporting its potential use for treating hirsutism, acne, and alopecia in women.

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of anabolic-androgenic steroids, reporting that their use enhances muscle mass but is associated with significant health issues including cardiac muscle hypertrophy, liver disease, and changes in gender characteristics, emphasizing the need for patient awareness of these risks.

This article discusses the effectiveness of gender transition procedures in alleviating gender dysphoria and the need for better models to understand their mechanisms, but reports no new clinical results.

In this report, a 22-year-old woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency underwent treatment with hydrocortisone and spironolactone, followed by feminization surgery, which subsequently led to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and regular menstruation.

This review provides an update on sex hormone-associated dermatoses in dogs, detailing known conditions like feminization syndrome and exploring less understood issues such as alopecia X, without presenting new clinical findings.

This article outlines best practices from the World Professional Association for Transgender Health's standards to guide health care professionals in providing comprehensive care for transgender individuals, addressing mental health, endocrinology, and surgery.

This study found that pubic skin fibroblasts respond to androgens, increasing 5α-reductase activity via an androgen receptor-mediated mechanism, suggesting its potential as a marker of androgen action in vitro.

This study found that nuclear androgen receptors are not necessary for androgen self-administration, suggesting that plasma membrane receptors might be involved.