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Nonclassic 21-hydroxylase deficiency is a common, treatable genetic disorder causing reversible symptoms like acne and hair loss.

Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.

Some ovarian tumors can cause masculinization, and it's important to check for various causes when this symptom is present.

Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.

A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which improved after surgery.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

Doctors are preparing to potentially perform uterus transplants in transgender women, considering technical, hormonal, and ethical factors.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.

The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.

The document concludes that gender-affirming treatments are essential for transgender individuals and outlines safe hormone therapy practices.

Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.

Late diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia can greatly affect physical development, gender identity, and sexual health.

PFS and PSSD are similar conditions with persistent sexual dysfunction after stopping medication.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

A 13-year-old with 46 XY DSD had ambiguous genitalia due to incomplete masculinization.

Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.

Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.

Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.

Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.

Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.

Women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia have lower fertility, but with proper treatment, they can conceive successfully.

Hyperandrogenism is a common hormonal disorder in women, often linked to PCOS.

Exposure to the hair loss drug finasteride during pregnancy can cause genital anomalies in male babies, but not in female babies. It's best to avoid this drug in women who could potentially become pregnant.

Most insurance companies do not cover extra gender-affirming surgeries, with coverage being low and inconsistent.

No consistent link between genotype and phenotype in 5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency.

Young women with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia may experience worse sexual function and mild depression compared to healthy women.

Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.

Finasteride exposure affects gene expression and anogenital distance in male rat fetuses.

Androgen receptors are active in many tissues of both male and female mice, not just reproductive organs.