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Hormone therapy is safe and effective for transgender adults, but requires regular monitoring and mental health support.

This review examines the causes, assessment, and treatment options for hirsutism but presents no new clinical findings, highlighting the need for further research on managing this condition.

The document concludes that individualized treatment and lifestyle changes are important for managing menopause symptoms and health risks.

This source outlines various antiandrogen and androgen inhibitor drugs used to treat cutaneous disorders of hyperandrogenism, detailing their mechanisms, uses, dosages, and side effects, with emphasis on spironolactone, finasteride, dutasteride, and oral contraceptives.

This study concluded that while sex-related biological factors may influence COVID-19 outcomes, they do not fully explain the differences in mortality between women and men, underscoring the need for a gendered, intersectional approach to understanding health inequities and risk factors.

This article states that hormone therapy with estrogens and antiandrogens for transgender females is within an obstetrician-gynecologist's practice scope and involves careful dosing and monitoring to manage short-term thrombotic risks.

This review discusses hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency, strongly recommending it for symptom relief and bone protection, but notes a lack of evidence on optimal types and doses.

In this study, older age was found to predict lateral hairline recession in TGNB AMAB individuals, while each year of feminizing hormone therapy in patients over 30 also predicted a decrease in lateral forehead length by 0.07 cm.

This case report highlights the adverse effects of unmonitored bioidentical hormone replacement therapy, emphasizing the need for patient education about its safety and efficacy compared to FDA-regulated hormones.

This study reports experience treating 140 women with hirsutism and other virilism signs using cyproterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol, focusing on those treated for over five months.

In this study, female patients undergoing hormone replacement therapy showed improvements in frontal hairline appearance and increased hair plucking strength, suggesting positive effects of estradiol on hair growth while excluding age-related factors.

This literature review highlights varying recommendations for testosterone use in peri- and postmenopausal women, noting its accepted role in treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder but stressing controversy and lack of FDA-approved options for broader use.

This case report highlights Leydig cell hyperplasia as a rare cause of increased testosterone and postmenopausal hirsutism, resolved after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in a 64-year-old woman.

This study highlights how sex steroids affect hair growth, reporting that testosterone used in masculinizing hormone therapy can lead to androgenetic alopecia in transgender individuals, while feminizing hormone therapy with estradiol and antiandrogens can reduce hirsutism.

In this case report, a transgender woman with refractory epilepsy began estrogen therapy for gender-affirming purposes, experiencing stable epilepsy and reduced gender dysphoria through ongoing multidisciplinary care, highlighting the importance of careful management for similar patients.

Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.

This study concluded that a regimen of transdermal estradiol and oral medroxyprogesterone acetate effectively reduces hirsutism while minimizing side effects in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

This study surveyed individuals seeking estrogen-based gender-affirming hormone therapy, revealing that improving life satisfaction and femininity are top treatment goals, and highlighting the need for trials aligned with community priorities.

This study concluded that current cross-sex hormone treatments for trans men and trans women are effective with a low risk of side effects in the short term, though they did observe specific clinical changes.

A postmenopausal woman's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a hormone-producing ovarian tumor.

This study found that nafarelin treatment significantly reduced androgen levels and improved hirsutism symptoms in women, suggesting it may be useful for managing this condition.

This research review observed that topical hormone replacement therapy, particularly estradiol and estradiol-testosterone combinations, significantly increased Type I and III collagen synthesis in the skin of postmenopausal women, suggesting benefits against collagen loss-related skin aging effects such as reduced elasticity and increased dryness.

This study concluded that hormonal replacement therapy can improve skin ageing symptoms by increasing skin thickness and alleviating dryness and hyposeborrhoea in postmenopausal women.

This review discusses the role of androgens in women's sexual health and highlights the need for further research on androgen replacement therapy to optimize quality of life, but reports no new clinical results.

In this retrospective study, among transfeminine patients aged 19-81 receiving gender-affirming estrogen therapy, 100% achieved testosterone suppression without anti-androgens when serum estradiol exceeded 100pg/mL, predominantly using injectable estrogen.

This study found that treatment with a GnRH agonist and estrogen and progestin replacement significantly improved hirsutism scores and hair growth rates in women with polycystic ovarian disease.

This case report describes a 57-year-old woman with hirsutism, hair loss, and vocal changes, who was found to have elevated testosterone levels but normal dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels.

This review discusses hormonal and surgical gender-affirming interventions for transfeminine individuals, noting improvements in quality of life and mental health with minimal adverse effects, but reports no new research findings.

This study found that GnRH agonist treatment improved hirsutism scores more than finasteride after six months in women with idiopathic hirsutism, with both treatments causing no menstrual abnormalities or side-effects.