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The skin protects the body and is constantly renewed by stem cells; disruptions can lead to cancer.

Skin development in mammals is controlled by key proteins and signals from underlying cells, involving stem cells for maintenance and repair.

Four-amino acid part makes enzyme sensitive to finasteride.

Skin problems in COVID-19 patients are rare and may be due to the body's complex immune response or blood clotting issues.

Animal models have helped understand hair loss from alopecia areata and find new treatments.

A girl with rickets and hair loss was found to have a rare condition where her body didn't respond to vitamin D treatment.

The tumor suppressor gene FLCN affects mitochondrial function and energy use in cells.

COVID-19 can cause various skin lesions, which may result from the virus and immune response, and are not directly linked to illness severity.

Lichen Planopilaris and Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia may help us understand hair follicle stem cell disorders and suggest new treatments.

The 308-nm Excimer laser is effective and safe for treating patchy alopecia areata in children.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is caused by genetic factors, inflammation, bacteria, hormones, and lifestyle factors like obesity and smoking.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

Environmental factors, hormones, nutrition, and stress all significantly affect skin health and aging.

New treatments for Alopecia Areata, like JAK inhibitors, show promise for hair regrowth and are likely to change future treatment approaches.

Fat cells are important for healthy skin, hair growth, and healing, and changes in these cells can affect skin conditions and aging.

Aromatase gene variation may increase female hair loss risk.

Beta-sitosterol has potential health benefits but needs more research to fully understand its effects and improve its use in treatments.

The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of PCOS in adolescents is crucial for managing symptoms and long-term health risks.

Biotin treatment can significantly improve hair loss and motor functions in certain metabolic disorders.

Triparanol therapy can cause hair loss and skin dryness without inflammation or damage to hair follicles or skin structures.

Lasers and light sources can effectively remove hair, work best on fair skin with dark hair, and usually need multiple treatments.

The protein folliculin, involved in a rare disease, works with another protein to control how cells stick together and their organization, and changes in this interaction can lead to disease symptoms.

AGA can occur in children with family history; early diagnosis and treatment important.

Careful planning and patient counseling can lead to excellent hair transplant results, often in one or two sessions.

Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.

Women with PCOS have different levels of certain fats and proteins in their blood, which could help diagnose the condition.

Acne is a chronic disease linked to various systemic conditions and has significant psychological and social effects.

PCOS in teens is hard to diagnose, linked to genetics and lifestyle, and managed with weight loss and medication.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.