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Exemestane may protect bones by stimulating osteoblast growth through androgen-related pathways.

A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.

Short photoperiods improve cashmere growth and quality in goats by changing hormone levels and gene expression.

Some lesser-known causes of PCOS include autoimmune issues, genetic mutations, and changes in the body's microbiome.

Non-hormonal treatments should be used first for sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitors, with hormones as a second option.

The testes produce important hormones like testosterone and others that play key roles in male body functions.

Spironolactone is safe for treating female hair loss, but the safety of other drugs is uncertain.

Blocking androgen activity in newborn rats affects body weight and appetite-related hormones differently in males and females.

Hormone replacement therapy may improve hair growth in the frontal hairline of postmenopausal women with hair loss.

Men and women react differently to opioids, with hormones potentially influencing these differences.

Men and women experience skin aging differently due to changes in sex hormone levels with age.

Environmental factors and chemicals might affect hormone balance and contribute to common hair loss.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

High doses of cyproterone acetate increase the risk of brain tumors in women, but the risk decreases after stopping the medication.

Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.

Lysophospholipids like LPA and S1P are important for hair growth, immune responses, and vascular development, and could be targeted for treating diseases.

LPA3 signaling in the uterus is crucial for placental formation and fetal development.

Eating high glycemic foods and drinking milk may worsen acne by increasing insulin and IGF-1 levels.

Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.

Breast cancer treatments work better with AR activation, improving results and reducing side effects.

Cattle skin has leptin which might control skin and hair growth.

Older women face various skin issues like dryness and thinning, and treatments are available but can have side effects; proper skin care and legal health decisions are important.

Dexpanthenol helps human hair follicle cells grow by preventing aging and death, and by supporting growth signals.

Cimicifuga racemosa extract may help prevent and treat prostate issues by inhibiting 5α-reductase.

Ovariectomized mice mimic postmenopausal hair loss, and estradiol helps maintain hair density.

Retinoic acid affects male and female muscle energy use and function differently.

Certain drugs, especially antiandrogens and spironolactone, significantly increase the risk of gynecomastia.

A specific pathway involving AR, miR-221, and IGF-1 plays a key role in causing common hair loss.

Testosterone and its metabolites affect brain functions and could help treat neurological disorders.

Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.