TLDR The testes produce important hormones like testosterone and others that play key roles in male body functions.
The chapter "Endocrine Functions of the Testes" details the testes' roles in spermatogenesis and hormone secretion, producing steroid hormones (testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estrogen) and protein hormones (inhibins, activins, anti-Mullerian hormone). These hormones are essential for male reproductive tissue development, secondary sexual characteristics, and overall reproductive health. Testosterone, produced by Leydig cells, is crucial for genital development and spermatogenesis. The chapter also explores testosterone biosynthesis, its action mechanisms, and conversion to active forms. Additionally, it highlights estrogen's role in male reproduction and the significance of gonadal proteins in testicular function, regulated by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
174 citations,
July 2003 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Five new mutations in the androgen receptor gene were found, helping to understand androgen insensitivity syndrome better.
883 citations,
August 2016 in “Nature Reviews Disease Primers” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women that can cause metabolic, reproductive, and psychological issues, and requires lifestyle changes and medication for management.
7 citations,
January 2003 in “Elsevier eBooks” Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.
September 2023 in “Curēus” Reproductive hormones play a crucial role in breast cancer development and treatment challenges.
70 citations,
March 2016 in “Urologic Clinics of North America” The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.
2 citations,
November 2012 in “InTech eBooks” The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.
